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Dietetics > I. Principles of Dietetics > Flashcards

I. Principles of Dietetics Flashcards

1
Q

In the stomach, gastric juices are comprised of all of the following except:

a. hydrocholoric acid
b. enzymes
c. water
d. bile

A

D. Bile

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2
Q

Which of these stimulates secretion of pancreatic enzymes, causes contraction of the gall bladder, and slows gastric emptying?

a. CCK
b. gastrin
c. bile
d. GIP

A

A. CCK

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3
Q

Long chain fatty acids leave the liver in the form of?

a. chylomicrons
b. lipoproteins
c. phospholipids
d. triglycerides

A

B. Lipoproteins

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4
Q

Which of the following enzymes is produced in the small intestine?

a. amylase
b. trypsin
c. lipase
d. maltase

A

D. Maltase

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5
Q

Oxygenated blood is being returned from the lungs to the heart. Which of these choices describes its path?

a. pulm arteries –> L atrium –> L ventricle –> VC
b. pulm veins –> R atrium –> R ventricle –> VC
c. pulm veins –> L atrium –> L ventricle –> aorta
d. pulm arteries –> R atrium –> Latrium –> aorta

A

C. Pulmonary veins –> L atrium –> L ventricle –> aorta

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6
Q

In the Krebs Cycle, acetyl CoA combines with oxaloacetate to form:

a. citrate
b. carnitine
c. none of these
d. pyruvate

A

A. Citrate

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7
Q

Glycogenolysis is:

a. breakdown of CHO
b. breakdown glyc –> glu
c. creation of glu from fat & pro
d. creation of glyc

A

B. breakdown of glyc –> glu

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8
Q

Pepsinogen is activated by:

a. bicarbonate
b. trypsin
c. HCl
d. liver

A

C. HCl

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9
Q

Which of these are true statements about bile:
I. produced in gallbladder
II. after emulsifying fat, it is reabsorbed & recycled
III. after emulsifying fat, it is trapped by fiber/excrete
IV. it is manufactured from cholesterol

A

II, III, IV

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10
Q

When considering renal fxn, which of the following is true?

a. triggeres release of Na & H2O excretion
b. inhibits angiotensin
c. triggerst resorption of Na & H2O retention
d. inhibits GNrH

A

C. Triggers resorption of Na & H2O retention

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11
Q

In a fed state, the brain uses which of the following for energy?

a. fatty acids
b. ketone bodies
c. urea
d. glucose

A

D. Glucose

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12
Q

If a person were in a starved state for weeks, the brain would use which of the following for energy?

a. fatty acids
b. glucose
c. ketone bodies
d. urea

A

C. ketone bodies

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13
Q

All of the following are true of the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle except:

a. FSH causes growth of cells containing an ovum in the ovaries
b. production of GNrH is inhibited
c. LH prompts cells to secrete progesterone
d. estrogen & progesterone stimulates the uterine wall to build up nutrients and blood vessels.

A

B. production of GNrH is inhibited

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14
Q

Which of these signals secretion of HCl? \

a. gastrin
b. bile
c. secretin
d. GIP

A

A. gastrin

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15
Q

Guconeogenesis is inhibited by?

a. insulin
b. adrenaline
c. catecholamine
d. glucagon

A

A. Insulin

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16
Q

The hypothalamus regulates all of the following except:

a. hunger
b. temperature control
c. thirst
d. skilled movements

A

D. skilled movements

17
Q

Following cellular oxidation, the main end products are:

a. urea & O2
b. O2 & AAs
c. C & H
d. CO2 & H2O

A

D. CO2 & H2O

18
Q

You have consumed a glass of milk. In digestion where is the disaccharide found in milk absorbed?

a. stomach
b. small intestine
c. liver
d. large intestine

A

B. Small intestine

19
Q

In which of the following is lactic acid produced?

a. gluconeogenesis
b. glycolysis
c. Kreb’s Cycle
d. glycogenesis

A

B. Glycolysis

20
Q

What is the net gain of ATP via CHO metabolism?

a. 30-36
b. 28-36
c. 36-40
d. 36-38

A

D. 36-38

21
Q

Which of the following is not true of epinephrine?

a. increases blood sugar
b. promotes glycogenolysis
c. lowers blood sugar
d. secreted from the adrenal glands

A

C. lowers blood sugar

22
Q

Which of these steps is not reversible?

a. pyr –> acetyl CoA
b. both are reversible
c. neither is reversible
d. gluc –> pyr

A

A. pyr –> acetyl CoA

23
Q

Glycolysis is associated with all of the following except:

a. CHO breakdown
b. end product is pyr
c. lactic acid is produced
d. metabolism of FAs

A

D. Metabolism of FAs

24
Q

In the lungs, O2 and CO2 are exchanged at the:

a. bronchi
b. alveolar-capillary membrane
c. surfactant
d. glomerulus

A

B. alveolar-capillary membrane

25
Q

You are running a marathon. When fats are oxidized for energy which of the following is produced?

a. urea
b. pyr
c. gluc-6-phosphate
d. acetyl CoA

A

D. acteyl CoA

26
Q

A dietitian assessing a patient with a confirmed diagnosis of pellagra would need to observe the patient for clinical deficiency signs of what other vitamin?

a. pyridoxine
b. riboflavin
c. niacin
d. cobalamin

A

B

27
Q

Identify the vitamin that is a hexose derivative and is closely related to the monosaccharides:

a. phenylalanine
b. niacin
c. riboflavin
d. ascorbic acid

A

D

28
Q

The vitamin deficiency that results in changes in skin texture (most notably follicular hyperkeratosis) is:

a. Vit C
b. Vit. A
c. pyridoxine
d. niacin

A

B

29
Q

The essential metabolic roles of vit D require which functionally active form of the vitamin?

a. 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D2
b. 25-hydroxyvitamin D2
c. 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3
d. ergosterol

A

C

30
Q

The supplementation of which vitamin has a masking effect on the blood symptoms of pernicious anemia?

a. Vit B12
b. Folic Acid
c. Pyridoxine
d. Vitamin C

A

B

31
Q

The most important biological function of pantothenic acid is its role as/in:

a. fat metabolism
b. an antioxidant
c. precursor of acetyl CoA
d. the synthesis of fibrin

A

C

32
Q

A client with symptoms of disorientation, difficulty walking, and a history of EtOH abuse most likely is suffering from:

a. Vit A toxicity
b. riboflavin deficiency
c. thiamin deficiency
d. malabsorption syndrome

A

C

33
Q

Identify the patient at greatest risk for B-12 deficiency?

a. A 26 yr old lacto vegetarian
b. A 34 yr old Hispanic male
c. A 45 yr old strict vegan
d. A 56 yr old African-American Female

A

C

34
Q

Which two vitamins can be synthesized by bacteria in the intestines?

a. vitamin K & thiamin
b. biotin & niacin
c. biotin & vitamin K
d. vitamin k & riboflavin

A

C

35
Q

The body’s need for vitamin B6 is related to the intake of which nutrient?

a. protein
b. fat
c. CHO
d. water

A

A

36
Q

Which of the following is used when sufficient data is not available to set a Recommended Daily Allowance?

a. TUL
b. AI
c. EAR
d. DRI

A

B

37
Q

Identify which one of the four DRI categories is most appropriately used to develop and evaluate nutrition programs for groups.

a. RDA
b. AI
c. TUIL
d. EAR

A

D

Dietetics (4 decks)

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