I/O Psych Chap. 1-2 Flashcards
Who were the pioneers of I/O Psychology?
Munsterberg & Mckeen Cattell
How did they diverge from Wundt?
They wanted to focus on individual differences rather than on general laws of behavior
How did I/O Psychologist played a role in WW1 and WW2
They developed a selection and training method; how to pick spies by assessing personality and ability (I.E. Stress test, alcohol test & simulations such as remember maps)
What is scientific management?
What are its key principals?
Maximize efficiency, enhance productivity by finding ONE BEST WAY to do a task, train, monitor them and reward then with money
What is “time and motion” studies?
Created by Frederick W. Taylor (engineer), started as a study to analyze jobs/ break down a specific job down to its core movements, time each movement, and use this information to figure out more time-efficient ways of doing the job
Who is Elton Mayo?
Used the human engineering project to vary workplace condition with the objective of finding out what helps and hinders performance. Found that an individual changes their behavior in response to being observed
What was the human relation movement?
How did this movement differ from scientific management?
Mayo found that good relationships are the MOST important determinant of productivity/ social factors will usually override financial considerations in many cases, sparked research on the inner emotions of workers and job satisfaction
What is an Independent Variable?
IV or Predictor; the cause what is being manipulated
What is the dependent variable?
DV(Criterion) the effect of the cause on this variable
What is a moderator?
Explains when a condition will be stronger together (2 Variables) and specifies “WHEN” or “UNDER WHAT CONDITIONS an IV influences a DV/ can be situational or personal
Ex: social support moderates the relationship between stress and depression such a the the relationship is weaker when social support is high
What is a Mediator?
Explains WHY there is a relationship b/w IV and DV, like a 3rd variable (can both weaken or strengthen a relationship)
EX: persistence mediated the relationship b/w specific, difficult goals and performance. Persistence is the reason WHY difficult goals Lea to higher performance
What is part of an Experimental research design?
Manipulation and random assignment
