I • Airborne Bacterial Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

The most common of all human diseases?

A

respiratory infections

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2
Q

Major vehicles for person to- person transmission of respiratory diseases?

A

sneeze,as well as by coughing, talking, or breathing.

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3
Q

Microorganisms found in air are derived from ?

A

soil, water, plants, animals, people, surfaces, and other sources.

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4
Q

Why airborne pathogens are effectively transmitted between people only over short distances?

A

Most microorganisms survive poorly in air.

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5
Q

why (Staphylococcus, Streptococcus) are generally more resistant to drying than are gram-negative bacteria?

A

because of their thick, rigid cell walls.

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6
Q

The waxy layer of Mycobacterium cell walls resists drying and promotes survival of pathogens such as?

A

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

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7
Q

Important human respiratory pathogens?

A

Streptococcus (pyogenes-pneumoniae)

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8
Q

What is Diphtheria?

A

Diphtheria is a severe respiratory disease that typically infects young children.

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9
Q

Name of the bacteria causing Diphtheria?

A

Corynebacterium diphtheriae

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10
Q

Characteristics of Corynebacterium diphtheriae?

A

a gram-positive, nonmotile, and aerobic club-shaped bacterium that forms small, smooth colonies on blood agar plates.

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11
Q

What is Pertussis? And the second name of it?

A

is a serious respiratory disease/Pertussis, also known as whooping cough.

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12
Q

Name of the bacteria causing Pertussis?

A

Bordetella pertussis.

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13
Q

Characteristics of Bordetella pertussis?

A

A small, gram-negative, aerobic coccobacillus.

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14
Q

Pertussis affects who?

A

mostly affects children but can cause serious respiratory disease in adults as well.

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15
Q

protection from Pertussis and Diphtheria by ?

A

by vaccination and cured with antibiotics.

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16
Q

The scientist who isolated and described the causative agent of the disease?

A

Robert Koch, the founder of the field of medical microbiology.

17
Q

what is the Name of the bacteria causing Tuberculosis?

A

Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

18
Q

What is the Name of the bacteria causing Leprosy?

A

Mycobacterium leprae.

19
Q

what is the second name of Tuberculosis?

A

Hansen’s disease.

20
Q

Characteristics of Mycobacteria?

A

gram positive bacteria and share the property of being acid-fast.

21
Q

Mycobacteria share the property of being acid-fast because?

A

due to the waxy mycolic acid constituent of their cell walls.

22
Q

What is Meningitis?

A

Meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges, the membranes that are the protective covering of the central nervous system, that is, the spinal cord and brain.

23
Q

It cause by different microorganisms, includes?

A

certain viruses, bacteria, fungi, and protists.

24
Q

What is the Name of the bacteria causing Meningitis?

A

Neisseria meningitidis.

25
Q

after washing a mycobacterial smear on a slide in 3% hydrochloric acid in?

A

alcohol

26
Q

T or F
Colonies of M. tuberculosis grow fast?

A

F

slowly on plates

27
Q

M. tuberculos have a characteristically ?

A

wrinkled morphology