I-1 Flashcards
cover (v)
PUT
A2 to put something over something else, in order to protect or hide it
örtmek, kapamak, gizlemek
They covered him with a blanket.
He covered his face with his hands.
→ Opposite uncover
LAYER
B1 to form a layer on the surface of something
(tabaka) kaplamak,
Snow covered the trees.
My legs were covered in/with mud.
DISTANCE
B2 to travel a particular distance
(mesafe) yol almak, katetmek, belli bir mesafede seyahat etmek
We covered 700 kilometres in four days.
AREA
B2 to be a particular size or area
(alan) kapsamak
The town covers an area of 10 square miles.
INCLUDE
B1 to include or deal with a subject or piece of information
içermek, kapsamak
The book covers European history from 1789-1914.
REPORT
B2 to report on an event for a newspaper, television programme, etc
anlatmak, haber/bilgi vermek (tv, gazete), ropörtaj yapmak
Dave was asked to cover the Olympics.
MONEY
to be enough money to pay for something
(para) ödemek, karşılamak, ödemeye yetmek
100 euros should cover the cost of the repairs.
FINANCIAL PROTECTION
to provide financial protection if something bad happens
(mali koruma) karşılamak, masraflarını ödemek, kapsamak, yetmek
You need travel insurance that covers accident and injury.
→ See also touch/cover all the bases
access (n)
OPPORTUNITY
B1 the right or opportunity to use or see something
bir şeye ulaşım hakkı, fırsatı
I don’t have access to that kind of information.
Do you have Internet access?
ENTRANCE
B1 the way in which you can enter a place or get to a place
bir yere girme ya da ulaşma biçimi
The only access to the village is by boat.
admire (v)
RESPECT
B2 to respect or approve of someone or something
hayran olmak, gıbta etmek, saygı duymak
You have to admire him for being so determined.
LOOK AT
B1 to look at something or someone, thinking how attractive they are
hayranlığını belli ederek bakmak, gözünü alamamak
We stood for a few minutes, admiring the view.
admirer noun [ C ]
hayran
belongings (n)
the things that you own
şahsi eşyalar
I took a few personal belongings with me.
cope (v)
cope with
cope her zaman with alır
to deal quite successfully with a difficult situation
başa çıkmak, halletmek, altından kalkmak
How do you cope with stress?
cramped (adj)
A cramped room, building, etc is unpleasant because it is not big enough.
küçücük, daracık, dar
current (adj)
happening or existing now
mevcut olan, geçerli, halihazırda var olan
What is your current address?
currently adverb
B2
şu anda
The factory currently employs 750 people.
drawback (n)
a problem or disadvantage
mahsur, eksiklik, sakınca, sorun
The only drawback with this camera is the price.
drop by/in
participle dropping, past tense and past participle dropped
to visit someone for a short time, usually without arranging it before
kısa bir ziyarette bulunmak; uğramak
I dropped in on George on my way home from school.
expenses (n)
money that you spend when you are doing your job, that your employer will pay back to you
masraflar, harcamalar
travel expenses
They pay us two hundred euros a week, plus expenses.
expenses (n)
money that you spend when you are doing your job, that your employer will pay back to you
masraflar, harcamalar
travel expenses
They pay us two hundred euros a week, plus expenses.
face (v)
HEAD [ C ]
A1 the front part of the head where the eyes, nose, and mouth are, or the expression on this part
yüz, surat, çehre, sima
She’s got a long, thin face.
I can’t wait to see her face when she opens the present.
make a face also uk pull a face
B1 to show with your face that you do not like someone or something
surat yapmak, yüz çevirmek
The baby made a face every time I offered her some food.
make faces
to make silly expressions with your face in order to try and make people laugh
komiklik yapmak ve eğlendirmek için yüzünü gözünü oynatmak
sb’s face falls/lights up
someone starts to look disappointed/happy
yüzü düşmek; hayal kırıklığına uğramak; mutlu/üzgün görünmeye başlamak
His face fell when I said that she wasn’t coming.
to sb’s face
B2 If you say something unpleasant to someone’s face, you say it to them directly, when you are with them.
yüzüne karşı; uluorta; doğrudan kendisine; açıkca
If you’ve got something to say, say it to my face.
SURFACE
the front or surface of something
yüz, yüzey, cephe
the north face of the cliff
a clock face
in the face of sth
while having to deal with a difficult situation or problem
bir şeye rağmen/karşın; …karşısında; …koşullar altında
She refused to leave him, in the face of increasing pressure from friends and family.
on the face of it
used when you are describing how a situation seems, when this is different to what it is really like
görünüşe bakılırsa
On the face of it, it seems like a bargain, but I bet there are hidden costs.
fill (v)
MAKE FULL [ I, T ] also fill up
A2 to make a container or space full, or to become full
doldurmak
He filled the bucket with water.
I made a drink while the bath was filling.
TAKE SPACE [ T ]
B1 If people or things fill a place, there are a lot of them in it.
dolmak The streets were filled with tourists. Dark clouds filled the sky. BE NOTICEABLE [ T ] B1 If light, sound, or a smell fills a place, you can easily notice it.
ışık/ses/koku ile dolmak The smell of smoke filled the room. fill sb with anger/joy/pride, etc B2 to make someone feel very angry/happy/proud, etc
birini kızdırmak/mutlu etmek/gururlandırmak
The thought of losing him filled her with fear.
fill a post/position/vacancy
B2 to give someone a new job
bir görevi üstlenmek/yeni bir işe girmek
They still haven’t filled the vacancy.
fill a need/gap/demand
to provide something that people need or want
bir gereksinimi/boşluğu/talebi gidermek, doldurmak
fill sth in/out
to write the necessary information on an official document
form doldurmak
to fill in a form/questionnaire
fill (sth) up
to become full, or to make something become full
dolmak, doldurmak
The restaurant soon filled up with people.
furnished (adj)
If a room or building is furnished, there is furniture in it.
mobilyalı, dayalı döşeli
tired (adj)
A1 feeling that you want to rest or sleep
yorgun, bitkin
He was tired out (= very tired) by the end of the day.
She never seems to get tired.
tired of doing sth
B1 bored or annoyed by something that has happened too often
bir şeyi yapmaktan bıkmış, usanmış, gına gelmiş
I’m tired of listening to her problems.
tiredness noun [ U ]
B2
yorgunluk
used (adj)
used to sth/doing sth
B1 If you are used to something, you have done it or experienced it many times before.
(eskiden) kullanmış olmak; denemiş olmak; yapmış olmak; alışkın/alışık olmak
He’s used to working long hours.
We’ve been living here for two years and we’ve uk got used to/ us gotten used to the heat.
→ Opposite unused
heating (n)
A2 the system that keeps a building warm
ısıtma, ısınma, ısıtma sistemi/aracı
→ See also central heating
Houseboat (n)
a boat that people can live on
yüzer ev
inviting (adj)
pleasant and attractive
davetkâr, çekici, cezbedici, davet edici
an inviting smile
The room looked cosy and inviting.
invitingly adverb
çekici bir şekilde
Lighthouse
a tall building on the coast containing a large light which warns ships that there are rocks
deniz feneri
lonely (adj)
PERSON
B1 unhappy because you are not with other people
yalnız, kimsesiz
She gets lonely now that the kids have all left home.
PLACE
B2 A lonely place is a long way from where people live.
ıssız, kuş uçmaz kervan geçmez; gözden ırak
loneliness noun [ U ]
yanlızlık
narrow (adj)
NOT WIDE
B1 Narrow things measure a small distance from one side to the other.
dar a narrow lane/street a narrow tie FEW including only a small number
sınırlı, yetersiz, dar He has very narrow interests. a narrow defeat/victory If you have a narrow defeat/victory, you only just lose/win.
kılpayı/ucu ucuna mağlubiyet/zafer
a narrow escape
If you have a narrow escape, you only just avoid danger.
kılpayı kurtulma; tehlikeyi zar zor atlatma
Out Of One’s Mind
Aklını kaçırmış
Peace And Quiet
Huzurlu
permanent (adj)
B1 continuing forever or for a long time
kalıcı, uzun süreli permanent damage a permanent job permanently adverb B2
sürekli olarak
He moved here permanently in 2008.
recreation (n)
B2 activities that you do for enjoyment when you are not working
eğlence, dinlenme, hoşça vakit geçirme için yapılan aktiviteler
Shopping seems to be her only form of recreation.
recreational adjective
eğlence için yapılan
settle in
to begin to feel relaxed and happy in a new home or job
alışmak, ısınmak, intibak etmek
Are you settling in OK?
spacious (adj)
large and with a lot of space
geniş, ferah, açıklık
a spacious apartment/office
temporary (adj)
B1 existing or happening for only a short or limited time
geçici a temporary job temporary accommodation/housing temporarily adverb B2
geçici olarak
wise (adj)
DECISION
B1 A wise decision or action shows good judgment and is the right thing to do.
akıllı
I think we’ve made a wise choice.
[ + to do sth ] It’s always wise to see a doctor if you’re worried about your health.
→ Opposite unwise
PERSON
B1 A wise person is able to use their knowledge and experience to make good decisions and give good advice.
makul, akıllı
be none the wiser informal
to still not understand something after someone has tried to explain it to you
pek anlamamış, hâlâ kavrayamamış; pek farkında olmayan; pek haberi olmayan
wisely adverb
akıllıca
Cottage
B1 a small house, usually in the countryside
kulübe, kır/dağ evi, yazlık ev
Sokak -> Street Cadde -> Road Bulvar -> Avenue Apartman(ı) -> Apartment building Apartman no. -> Building no. Kat -> Floor Daire no. -> Apartment no. Mahalle -> Neighbourhood İlçe -> District İl -> Province
Türkçede “daire” dediğimiz bağımsız birimlerin her birine İngilizcede ‘apartment’ denir. Bizim Türkçede ‘apartman’ dediğimiz binaya ise “apartment building” denir.
Örnek bir adres ve çevirisi şöyledir:
İstanbul ili, Kadiköy ilçesi, Osmanağa mahallesi, Moda caddesi, Tellalzade sokağı, bina no 25, Kat 2, Daire 4
Province of Istanbul, district of Kadıköy, neighbourhood of Osmanağa, Moda road, Tellalzade street, apartment building #25, 2nd floor, Apartment no. 4
Bazı adreslerde mahalle karşılığı olarak ‘district’ kullanılmaktadır fakat İngilizce konuşulan ülkelerde çoğunlukla district ilçeye, province il’e karşılık gelir. Bu nedenle, neighbourhood kelimesini kullanmak daha sağlıklıdır.
inform (v)
TELL
B1 to tell someone about something
haber vermek, bilgi vermek, bildirmek
If he calls me again, I shall inform the police.
[ + (that) ] He informed us that we would have to leave.
GIVE INFORMATION
B1 to give someone information about something
bir şey hakkında birine bilgi vermek
[ often passive ] Patients should be informed about the risks.
He keeps his parents informed of his whereabouts.
lane
PART
B2 part of a road or track that is separated from the other parts, usually by a painted line
şerit, kulvar the inside/middle/outside lane the fast/slow lane ROAD B2 a narrow road, usually in the countryside
patika, ara yol, kır yolu We drove down a winding country lane. BOATS/AIRCRAFT a route that is regularly used by boats or aircraft
rota
It’s one of the world’s busiest shipping lanes.
move in
B1 to begin living in a new home
yeni bir yere taşınmak
She’s just moved in with her boyfriend.
They want to move in together before they get married.
move out
B1 to stop living in a particular home
ayrılmak, çıkmak, başka yere taşınmak
the outskirts (n)
B2 the outer area of a city, town, or village
kenar mahalleler, gecekondu bölgeleri
We stayed in a hotel on the outskirts of Palma.
put sb up
putting, past tense and past participle put
B2 to let someone stay in your home for a short period
kalmasına izin vermek, barındırmak, yatırmak, misafir etmek
If you need somewhere to stay, we can put you up for the night.
rural
B2 relating to the countryside and not to towns
kırsal, kıra ait, kırsal yaşama ilişkin
a rural area
suburb
B2 an area where people live outside the centre of a city
dış mahalle, banliyö, varoş, gecekondu a suburb of New York suburban adjective UK /səˈbɜːbən/ US relating to a suburb
banliyöye ilişkin, dış mahalleye dair
a suburban area/home
urban (adj)
B2 belonging or relating to a town or city
kentsel, şehre/kente/modern yaşama dair/ait
urban areas
urban development
adjust (v)
CHANGE [ T ]
B2 to change something slightly so that it works better, fits better, or is more suitable
ayarlamak
You can adjust the heat using this switch here.
The figures need to be adjusted for inflation.
BEHAVE [ I ]
B2 to change the way you behave or think in order to suit a new situation
yeni bir duruma ayak uydurmak, uyum sağlamak
They found it hard adjusting to life in a new country.
anxiety (n)
B2 the feeling of being very worried
endişe, korku, vesvese, tasa, kaygı
That explains his anxiety about her health.
bakery
B2 a shop where you can buy bread, cakes, etc
fırın
appreciate (v)
VALUE [ T ]
B2 to understand how good something or someone is and be able to enjoy them
takdir etmek There's no point buying him expensive wines - he doesn't appreciate them. GRATEFUL [ T ] B2 to feel grateful for something
çok takdir etmek, müteşekkir olmak I'd really appreciate your help. UNDERSTAND [ T ] to understand something about a situation, especially that it is complicated or difficult
farkında olmak, anlamak, farkına varmak [ + (that) ] I appreciate that it is a difficult decision for you to make. INCREASE [ I ] formal to increase in value
değeri artmak, değerlenmek
Houses and antiques generally appreciate with time.
appreciation (n)
VALUE
B2 an understanding of how good something or someone is so that you are able to enjoy them
takdir, değerli bulma
His appreciation of art increased as he grew older.
FEEL GRATEFUL
a feeling of being grateful for something
beğenme, takdir etme
To show our appreciation, we’ve bought you a little gift.
UNDERSTANDING
an understanding of a situation, especially that it is complicated or difficult
anlama, zor olan bir şeyi kavrama, halletme
He has no appreciation of the size of the problem.
INCREASE formal
an increase in value
değerlenme, değeri artma
appreciative (adj)
showing that you understand how good something is, or are grateful for something
takdir eden, değer, kıymet bilen
an appreciative audience
appreciatively adverb
müteşekkir durumda
appraise (v)
to examine something and judge it
değerlendirme, değerini ortaya koyma
We need to stop and appraise the situation.
appreciable (adj)
large or important enough to be noticed
gereğinden büyük, kayda değer, fark edilebilen
There’s an appreciable difference in temperatures between the two regions.
appraisal (n)
an examination of someone or something in order to judge how good or successful they are
değerlendirme, değerini tahmin etme, değerleme
a critical appraisal
a meeting where the manager of an employee talks to them about the quality of their work
değerlendirme toplantısı
an appraisal scheme
apportion
to choose how much of something a person or each person should have
paylaştırmak, bölüştürmek
apportion blame/responsibility
to say who was responsible for something bad that happened
sorumluluğu, suçu paylaştırmak
appointment
TIME [ C ]
A2 a time you have arranged to meet someone or go somewhere
randevu
a doctor’s/dental appointment
I made an appointment with my hairdresser for next Monday.
JOB [ C, U ]
an occasion when you officially choose someone for an important job, or the job itself
atama, görevlendirme
the appointment of three new teachers
appointed (adj)
appointed date/time/place, etc
the date, time, place, etc that has been chosen for something to happen
randevu tarihi/zamanı/yeri
be aware of/that
B2 to know about something
bir şeyin farkında olmak, farkına varmak Are you aware of the risks involved? She was well aware that he was married. → Opposite unaware interested in and knowing a lot about a particular subject
farkında, haberdar
politically/socially aware
become aware of
farkında olmak
catch up on/with sth
participle caught
B2 to do something that you did not have time to do earlier
arayı kapatmak, yakalamak, önceden yapamadığını yapmak
After the exams, I need to catch up on some sleep.
cause (n)
MAKES HAPPEN [ C ]
B2 someone or something that makes something happen
sebep, neden
The police are still trying to establish the cause of the fire.
She died of natural causes.
REASON [ U ]
a reason to feel something or to behave in a particular way
gerekçe
He’s never given me any cause for concern.
PRINCIPLE [ C ]
a principle or aim that a group of people support or fight for
amaç, dava
The money will all go to a good cause.
enthusiasm (n)
B2 the feeling of being very interested in something and wanting very much to be involved in it
coşku, heyecan, heves, şevk
She has always had a lot of enthusiasm for her work.
fascinated (adj)
B2 extremely interested
büyülenmiş, hayran olmuş
They were absolutely fascinated by the game.
frustrated (adj)
annoyed because things are not happening in the way that you want, or in the way that they should
hüsrana uğramış, hayalleri boşa çıkmış, umudu kırılmış
I’m very frustrated at/with my lack of progress.
