HYPOTHESIS Flashcards
What is a hypothesis?
A prediction about the results of a study, that is a testable statement of what correlation the researcher is expecting to find
Aim of a hypothesis
A general formal statement about what the researcher is investigating
Alternate/Experimental hypothesis
The significant difference of correlation the researcher expects to find
Null hypothesis
Predicts no significant difference or correlation
Directional (one-tailed) hypothesis
States the direction of the correlation - eg - ‘perform worse of better’
Non-directional (two-tailed) hypothesis
States there is a difference or correlation but doesn’t suggest the direction - eg - ‘performed differently’
Define independent groups design
Different pps in each condition of the study
Define repeated measures design
The same pps in each condition of the study
Define matched pairs design
Different but similar pps in each condition of the study. Pps matched upon traits like IQ, gender, age etc
Strengths and weaknesses of independent group design
Strengths
- No order effects
- Less chance of demand characteristics
Weaknesses
- Participant variables
Strengths and weaknesses of repeated measures design
Strengths
- Participant variables are kept constant
- Fewer pps needed
Weaknesses
- Order effect
- Chance of demand characteristics
Strengths and weaknesses of matched pairs design
Strengths
- No order effect
- Less chance of demand characteristics
- Some participant variables controlled
Weaknesses
- Other participant variables may still impact the study
- Time consuming and potentially expensive
