Hypothalmic Pituitary Axis Flashcards
What cells make up the anterior pituitary?
- what do they secrete?
Hypothalmic pituitary dysfunction?
What is the most common form of pituitary tumour?
Prolactinoma
Function adenomas of the Pituitary can cause what conditions?
Acromegaly
Cushing’s
Prolactinoma
TSHoma
Acromegaly involves excess secretion of what hormone?
GH
How does Growth hormone act?
Growth hormone acts on the liver causing release of IGF-1 and IGF-BPI.
IGF-1 stimulates femur and muscle growth.
Stimulates glucose release, can also lead to insulin resistance.
What inhibits release of GH?
Somatostatin
What causes acromegaly?
Pituitary adenoma of the somatotroph cells.
Note: Is a benign tumour.
Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 aka Wermer syndrome affects what organs?
Parathyroid
Pancreas
Pituitary
Symptoms of acromegaly
Growth of the bones of the hands, feet and lower jaw.
Protrusion of forehead.
Soft tissue swelling in the hands face feet.
Increased size of organs.
Excessive sweating.
These can lead to complications such as:
Carpal tunnel.
Diabetes (diabetogenic effect of GH).
Congestive heart failure (due to heart enlargement).
Gastro intestinal cancers.
Cushing’s
Excess ACTH secretion from pituitary leads to excess cortisol release.
Symptoms of Cushings
High index symptoms of Cushings
Diagnosis and Management of Cushing’s
What effect does dopamine have on the AP?
Dopamine inhibits release of prolactin.
Effects of Prolactin:
- Mammary Gland Development
- Levels increase significantly during pregnancy
- Induce and maintain lactation of the primed breast.
- Lactational Amenorrhea
- Immunomodulatory effectsstimulates lymphocyte growth factor