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ENDOCRINO > Hypothalamus-Pituitary Axis > Flashcards

Hypothalamus-Pituitary Axis Flashcards

1
Q

How is the pituitary gland formed

A

From the invagination of the oral cavity that meets with the infundibulum

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2
Q

Pituitary gland made from

A

Oral cavity and infundibulum

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3
Q

Rathke’s pouch is part of the… that meets with the infundibulum

A

Oral cavity

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4
Q

Origin of anterior lobe

A

Epithelial origin

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5
Q

Origin of posterior lobe

A

Neural origin

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6
Q

Posterior pituitary secretes 2 hormones:

A

ADH

Oxytocin

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7
Q

Cell bodies projecting the posterior pituitary are located in

A

Supraoptic nuclei

Paraventricular nuclei

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8
Q

1 disease from

A

Pathology in peripheral hormone

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9
Q

2 disease from

A

Pathology in pituitary gland

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10
Q

3 disease from

A

Pathology in hypothalamus

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11
Q

GHRH –> pituitary –> ?

A

GH

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12
Q

Negative feedback of GH

A

Somatostatin

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13
Q

TRH –> pituitary –>

A

TSH and prolactine

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14
Q

Negative feedback of TSH

A

Somatostatin

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15
Q

Negative feedback of Prolactine

A

Dopamine

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16
Q

CRH –> pituitary –> ??

A

ACTH

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17
Q

What controls ACTH

A

Vasopressin

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18
Q

LHRH –> pituitary –> ??

A

FSH and LH

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19
Q

Negative feedback of FSH and LH

A

GnlH

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20
Q

GHRH –> pituitary –> GH –> peripheral tissue –> ??

A

IGF-1

21
Q

TRH –> pituitary –> TSH –> thyroid gland –> ??

A

T3, T4

22
Q

CRH –> pituitary –> ACTH –> peripheral tissue –> ??

A

Cortisol

23
Q

LHRH –> pituitary –> FSH + LH –> peripheral tissue –> ??

A

FSH –> estrogen, progesterone, testosterone

LH –> inhibin

24
Q

Liver produces

A

IGF-1

25
Q

IMPORTANT: all hormones have negative feedback except

A

ESTROGEN

26
Q

Which is the main form of diagnosis for somatotropic axis

A

IGF-1

27
Q

GH is anabolic or catabolic

A

Anabolic

28
Q

IMPORTANT: only difference between GH and IGF-1

A

GH stimulates diminished adiposity

29
Q

Transcription factor for IGF-1

A

IGFBP3

30
Q

Function of IGFBP3

A

Regulates nuclear hormone receptor activity

31
Q

Only hormone producing negative effect in growth

A

Glucocorticoids

32
Q

The adrenal axis is connected to

A

Suprachiasmatic nucleus

33
Q

What stimulates CRH production

A

Macrophages and monocytes producing cytokines during inflammation

34
Q

Does aldosterone in adrenal axis produce a feedback

A

NO

35
Q

Why do we need cortisol

A

It is an anti-inflammatory

And we need it to wake up in the morning

36
Q

When to test if we suspect high/low cortisol

A

If high cortisol suspected –> test at night

If low cortisol suspected –> test at morning

37
Q

Prolactine function

A

Milk production and development of mammary glands

38
Q

Medication altering prolactin system

A

Antipsychotics

A2 blockers

39
Q

What do antipsychotics and A2 blockers cause

A

Hyperprolactinemia

40
Q

At what hour are prolactin levels high

A

At night

41
Q

Stress stimulating effects on

A

GH
Prolactin
ACTH

42
Q

Stress inhibitory effects on

A

TSH

Gonadotropins

43
Q

Vasopressin function

A

Absorb H2O in kidneys

44
Q

Receptors of vasopressin

A

V1: vasoconstriction
V2: H2O absorption
V3: ACTH, cortisol and aldosterone production

45
Q

Chiasm alteration can produce

A

Bad eye sight

46
Q

Glomerular zone produces

A

Mineralcorticoids

47
Q

Fascicular zone produces

A

Glucocorticoids

48
Q

Reticular zone produces

A

Androgens

ENDOCRINO (4 decks)

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