Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

HOS Exam 4 > Hypothalamus / Pituitary > Flashcards

Hypothalamus / Pituitary Flashcards

1
Q

The sella turcica houses _

A

The pituitary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The pituitary has 3 lobes. Which is not found in adults?

A

Anterior, Intermediate, Posterior

Intermediate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The superior hypophyseal artery connects _ with _. The specific branch making this connection is _

A

Portal system connecting anterior pit with hypothalamus.

Trabecular artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the significance of the median eminence?

A

It is a location where hypothalamic hormones are released into the portal system connecting the hypothalamus and pituitary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The blood supply to the posterior lobe of the pituitary is _. What 2 hormones are secreted from nerve terminals in the posterior pit.? Where are they made?

A

Inferior hypophyseal artery
ADH and oxytosin
Hypothalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q 
There are 5 trophic hormones released from the anterior pit. What are the cell types that produce these hormones? 
hGH
ACTH
TSH
LH/FSH
Prolactin
A 
hGH - Somatroph
ACTH - Corticotroph
TSH - Thyrotroph
LH/FSH - Gonadotroph
Prolactin - Mammotroph
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Dopamine is the same as _

A

Prolactin inhibitory factor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The most common tumor of the aterior pituiary is _. What is the effect? How can it affect males?

A

Prolactinoma - too much prolactin secretion, can block LH/FSH in males, leading to infertility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The only tonically inhibited anterior pit. hormone is _

A

Prolactin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Released in pulses, act on membrane receptors, stimulate release / sythesis of hormone, cause target glycosylation. These are characteristics of _

A

The hypothalamic releasing hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What mediates the ultrashort loop, short loop and long loop feedback?

A

Ultra - the releasing hormone itself
Short - the Pituitary product
Long - The product of the target cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Increased protein synthesis, decreased utilization of glucose, increased lipolysis are all effects of _

A

hGH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The growth promoting effect of GH are mediated by _, AKA _

A

IGF-1

Somatomedin C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

GH directly acts on _ (2) Most other effects are mediated via _

A

Adipose, Muscle

IGF1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The GH receptor requres _(#) molecules of GH to bind, leading to _. Its activation leads to activation of _

A

2
Dimerization
STAT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

GH is pro-protein synthesis, therefore it _ [increase/decrease] AA transport into the cell.

A

Increases

17
Q

GH [ncreases / decreases] lipolysis. It can therefore contribute to insulin resistance

A

Increase

18
Q

GH can cause hyperglycemia via to mechanisms. They are _

A

Increase gluconeogenesis in the liver

Decreased glucose uptake by insulin sensitive cell

19
Q

Pituitary diabetes is _

A

Increased blood glucose from GH

20
Q

Inadequate / no production of insulin from B cells can lead to _

A

Type 1 diabetes mellitus

21
Q

What is the effect of GH on bones?

A

Stimulates the lengthening of long bones

Stimulates the thickening of non-long bones (jaw, skull)

22
Q

The growth promoting effects of GH are mediated via _

A

IGF-1 / somatomedin

23
Q

Of the 3 types of feedback loops, GH is inhibited by _

A

All three

24
Q

Somatostatin [promotes/inhibits] GH

Ghrelin (GHRP) [promotes/inhibits] GH

A

Inhibits

Promotes

25
Q

To treat a child with dwarfism, you can use bovine or porcine GH, true or false

A

False. Need human GH

26
Q

What is panhypopituitarism?

A

Decreased secretion of all anterior pit. hormones

27
Q

How would you treat gigantism? What would you expect to see in a gigantism patient regarding circulating sugar levels?

A

Somatostatin analogue

Increased (pituitary diabetes)

28
Q

ADH is made in what hypothalamic nuclei? What is its major effect? What is the molecular mechanism

A

Supraoptic
Increased collecting duct permeability to water
Increased phospho-Aqp2 to membrane

29
Q

High concentrations of ADH acts as _. Too little secretion of ADH leads to _

A

Potent vasocontrictor

DIabetes insipidus

30
Q

Oxytosin is synthesized in what hypothalamic nucleus? Primary function is _? Secondary role during childbirth?

A

Paraventricular
Milk leftdown reflex
Uterine contraction

31
Q

In males, oxytosin in produced in _. Its major function is _

A

testis, epidydimis and prostate

Stimulates contractions to aid sperm release from reproductive tract

HOS Exam 4 (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions