hypothalamus/pituitary Flashcards
How is the hypothalamus connected to the anterior pituitary?
Hypothalamus releases hormones into portal blood vessels in the pituitary stalk that join with the anterior pituitary where they bind to specific receptors
How is the hypothalamus connected to the posterior pituitary?
The hypothalamus sends neural stimuli via axons to the posterior pituitary
What releasing hormones are released by the hypothalamus?
Growth-Hormone releasing hormone, Thyrotropin-releasing hormone, Cortico-tropin releasing hormone, Gonadotropin releasing hormone
Why type of hormones are released from the pituitary gland?
peptide hormones
What is the process of secretion of anterior pituitary hormones?
- hypothalamus receives stimulus and releases a releasing hormone or inhibiting hormone
- hormone travels through portal vessels to the anterior pituitaru
- hormone binds to specific receptor causing the AP to release a specific hormone
What is the embryological structure the anterior pituitary is derived from?
The primitive foregut
What are the 6 hormones secreted by the anterior pituitary?
growth hormone, prolactin, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinising hormone (LH)
What are the 3 polypeptide hormones released by the anterior pituitary?
growth hormone, prolactin, ACTH
What are the 3 glycoprotein hormones released by the anterior pituitary?
TSH, FSH, LH
What are the 3 different secretory cell types in the anterior pituitary shown by immunohistochemistry?
acidophils, basophils, chromophobes
What are the 2 inhibiting hormones that are released by the hypothalamus and act on the anterior pituitary?
Growth Hormone release inhibiting hormone (GHRIH), dopamine/prolactin inhibiting factor
What are the 2 hormones released by the posterior pituitary?
Oxytocin, anti-diuretic hormone
What are the causes of panhypopituitarism?
Endocrine dysfunction, space occupying lesion (adenoma)
