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Neuroanatomy > Hypothalamus > Flashcards

Hypothalamus Flashcards

1
Q

What is the main function of the hypothalamus?

A

Homeostasis

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2
Q

What is the landmark of the anterior hypothalamus?

A

Optic chiasm

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3
Q

What is the ventricle associated with the hypothalamus?

A

3rd ventricle

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4
Q

What is the landmark of the middle hypothalamus?

A

Optic track

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5
Q

What is the landmark of the posterior hypothalamus?

A

Mammillary bodies

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6
Q

What is released from the anterior pituitary gland?

A

FLAT PIG
FSH, LH, ACTH, TSH

Prolactin, (ignore) GH

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7
Q

What is released from the posterior pituitary gland?

A

AO

ADH, Oxytocin

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8
Q

Where is the preoptic nuclei found and what is it associated with?

A

Heat loss

Anterior pituitary gland

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9
Q

Where the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei found and what is it associated with?

A

Water balance, milk ejection, contraction

Anterior pituitary gland

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10
Q

What is the suprachiasmatic nuclei associated with and where is it found?

A

Circadian rhythm

APG

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11
Q

What is the arcuate nuclei associated with and where is it found?

A

Endocrine activity

IPG

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12
Q

What is the mammillary nuclei associated with and where is it found?

A

Consolidation of memory

PPG

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13
Q

What are optic nerve nuclei within the brain?

A
  • Lateral geniculate nucleus
  • Superior colliculus
  • Pretectum
  • Suprachiasmatic nucleus
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14
Q

What does the lateral geniculate nucleus control? Where?

A

Thalamus for visual perception

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15
Q

What does the superior colliculus control? Where?

A

Midbrain for control of eye movements

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16
Q

What does the pretectum control? Where?

A

Midbrain for pupillary light reflex

17
Q

What does the suprachiasmatic nucleus control? Where?

A

Diurnal rhythms and hormonal changes

18
Q

Where is leptin produced? What does it do?

A

Decreases feeding, produced in arcuate nucleus

19
Q

What are the arcuate projections?

A

Paraventricular nuclei (PVN)- effects cellular metabolism via endocrine (TSH/ACTH) and ANS

Lateral Hypothalamus area (LHA): affects feeding behavior

20
Q

What drives the sensation of thirst? What drives water retention?

A

LHA thirst

PVN water retention

21
Q

How is the hypothalamus connected to the limbic structures?

A

Via the fornix

Neuroanatomy (6 decks)

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