Hypothalamic and pituitary pharm

Question 1

Gs hormones

Answer 1

beta-adrenergic
LH, FSH, TSH
glucagon
PTH, PTHrP
ACTH
GHRH, CRH
histamine
serotonin

Question 2

Gi hormones

Answer 2

alpha-adrenergic 
Ach (muscarinic)
opioids
serotonin
cannabinoid
somatostatin

Question 3

Gq hormones

Answer 3

TRH, GnRH
amines
peptides
protanoids

Question 4

TK hormones

Answer 4

insulin and IGF-I

Question 5

serine kinase hormones

Answer 5

TGF-beta

Question 6

Gs

Answer 6

stimulates AC -> increased cAMP

Question 7

Gi

Answer 7

inhibits AC -> decreased cAMP

opens cardiac K channels decreasing HR

Question 8

Go

Answer 8

in brain

not fully understood

Question 9

Gq

Answer 9

activates PLC -> increases ITP and DAG -> increases intracellular Ca

Question 10

insulin receptor

Answer 10

TK dimerization -> MAP, PI3, RAS

Question 11

cytokine receptor linked kinases

Answer 11

Jak/Stat
GH
PRL

Question 12

Nuclear Rs

Answer 12

regulate gene transcription ( L activated TF)
steroid hormones (E, T, androgen, Progesterone, TH, retionic acid, vit D)
48 NRs in human genome

Question 13

synthetic GH

Answer 13

somatropin

Question 14

IGF-I agonist

Answer 14

mecasermin

Question 15

somatostatin analogs

Answer 15

octreotide

lanreotide

Question 16

GH antagonists

Answer 16

pegvisomant

Question 17

dopamine agonists

Answer 17

bromocriptine

cabergoline

Question 18

vasopressin R agonisits

Answer 18

vassopressin

desmopressin

Question 19

vasopressin R antagonisits

Answer 19

conivaptan

tolvaptan

Question 20

somatropin PD

Answer 20

growth mediated thru IGF-I
anabolic effects in mm
catabolic effects in lipids
mixed effects on CHO metabolism

Question 21

somatropin uses

Answer 21

GH deficiency

pediatric patients with short stature (prader-willi, turners, noonan, idopathic short stature)

Question 22

other uses of somatropin

Answer 22

chronic wasting in AIDs
short bowel syndrome
banned by olympic committee and professional sports
rBovine GH used in cattle

Question 23

mecasermin

Answer 23

recombinant IGF-I

mecaasermin rinfabate includes binding protein to increase half-ife

Question 24

uses of mecasermin

Answer 24

IGF-I deficiency not responsive to GH

children with GH gene deletions or who have developed AbS

Question 25

most common adverse effect of mecasermin

Answer 25

hypoglycemia

Question 26

somatostatin analogs

Answer 26

reduce secretion of GH

Question 27

GHR antagonists

Answer 27

block action of GH at R

Question 28

somatostatin

Answer 28

inhibits release of GH as well as glucagon, insulin, gastrin)
exogenous has very short duration of action

Question 29

somatostatin analogs

Answer 29

more potent then somatostain at inhibiting GH and insulin secretion

Question 30

somatostatin analog uses

Answer 30

Tx of ant pituitary adenomas that secrete GH (acromegaly, gigantism)

Question 31

adverse effects of somatostatin analogs

Answer 31

nausea, vomiting, GI (steatorrhea, gallstones), cardiac (sinus bradycardia, conduction disturbances)

Question 32

Pegvisomant MOA

Answer 32

GH R antagonist

more effective then somatostatin analogs

Question 33

prolactin

Answer 33

direct action in target tissues via Jak/STAT
no preparations are available
D2R agonists can decrease endogenous production

Question 34

D2R agonists

Answer 34

Gi

decrease prolactin secretion

Question 35

D2R agonist uses

Answer 35

hyperprolactinemia
acromegaly
parkinson

Question 36

adverse effects of D2R agonisits

Answer 36

nausea, HA, light headedness, orthostatic hypotension, fatigue

Question 37

desmopressin

Answer 37

longer half life then vasopressin

Question 38

uses of vasopressin

Answer 38

neurogenic DI
hemophilia A
vWD

Question 39

uses of vasopressin antagonistis

Answer 39

hypervolemic or euvolemic hyponatremia