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PHARMACOLOGY 4.0 > Hypothalamic and Pituitary Hormones > Flashcards

Hypothalamic and Pituitary Hormones Flashcards

1
Q

Alternative to Gonadotropin treatment in Male infertility

A

Gonadorelins

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1
Q

Antagonist for Oxytocin receptor

A

Atosiban

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2
Q

What is a contraindication to GH therapy?

A

Patient with Malignancy

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2
Q

Treatment of Leiomyomata (Fibroids)

A

continouos GnRH agonists + supplemental iron

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2
Q

ADR that is characterized by Serum testosterone levels increase (first 7-10 days; falls about 2 weeks) precipitate pain in patients with bone metastases, and tumor growth and neurologic symptoms

A

Tumor flare

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2
Q

Contraindications to Oxytocin treatment

A

Fetal distress abnormal fetal presentation cephalopelvic disproportion uterine rupture Prematurity

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3
Q

a disease of GH receptor insensitivity

A

Laron syndrome

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5
Q

ERGOT DERIVATIVE Dopamine Agonist

A

Bromocriptine Cabergolide

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6
Q

role of continuous GnRH and GnRH analog in COH

A

prevent pemature LH surge and ovulation

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7
Q

Vasopressin Antagonists

A

Conivaptan Tolvaptan (more V2)

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8
Q

Treatment of Choice for central precocious Puberty

A

GnRH analogs: Leuprolide Nafarelin Histrelin

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9
Q

Growth Hormone Antagonists

A

o Somatostatin o Somatotropin-Release Inhibiting Factor o Dopamine

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9
Q

Measures the fetal heart rate response to a standardized oxytocin infusion; Provides information about Placental Circulatory Reserve

A

Oxytocin Challenge Test

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10
Q

Advantage of GnRH antagonists over GnRH analogs

A

Immediate antagonist effect effects reverse more quickly

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11
Q

acetate salt of synthetic human GnRH

A

Gonadorelin

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12
Q

Major source of IGF-1

A

liver

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12
Q

hCG is produced and excreted where?

A

produced: placenta excreted: urine

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13
Q

Patients with Turner’s who are taking GH therapy are prone to development of

A

Otitis media

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13
Q

3 forms of purified FSH

A

Urofollitropin (2) recombinant forms: Follitropin alfa Follitropin beta

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14
Q

Alternative for Ovulation induction (ex: Clomiphene has no effect)

A

gonadotropins

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15
Q

Treatment of severe IGF-1 deficiency that is not responsive to GH (GH-resistance syndromes)

A

Mecasermin

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16
Q

Peripheral antagonism of GH: decreases IGF

A

Pegvisomant

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17
Q

GnRH receptor antagonists:

A

Ganirelix Cetrorelix Abarelix Degarelix

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18
Q

Treatment for Tumor flare?

A

Bicalutamide

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19
Q

Menotropin that is purified (removed LH function)

A

Urofollitropin

20
Q

what does it mean when Administration of GnRH has No change in baseline serum LH

A

Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism or Constitutional Delay

21
Q

human menopausal gonadotropin extracted from urine of menopausal women

A

Menotropins

22
Q

Treatment for endomtriosis

A

continouos GnRH agonists: Leuprolide Goserelin Nafarelin (nasal spray)

23
Q

Side effects of Pegvisomant

A

o Reversible liver enzyme elevation o Lipodystrophy o Injection site pain

24
Q

early sign of GH deficiency

A

Hypoglycemia

25
Q

Contraindications of GnRH Therapy

A

Pregnancy Lactation

26
Q

drug that is packaged and dosed at the basis of its weight rather than its activity

A

Choriogonadotropin alfa (rhCG)

26
Q

Risks of Controlled Ovarian Hyperstimulation in ART

A

o Multiple pregnancies o Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS)

27
Q

rarely reported adverse effect of GH therapy (may manifest as vision changes, headache, nausea, or vomiting)

A

Intracranial hypertension (Pseudotumor Cerebri)

29
Q

used for stimulation of follicular development in infertile women with profound LH deficiency

A

Lutropin alfa

31
Q

Recombinant form of GH

A

Somatropin

32
Q

hCG is virtually identical to what 3 other hormones

A

TSH, LH, FSH

33
Q

stimulates the release of prostaglandins and leukotrienes that augment uterine contraction

34
Q

Mecasermin is composed of?

A

o rhlGF-1 (recombinant human IGF) o rhlGFBP-3 (binding protein-3)

35
Q

Treatment regimen for prostate cancer

A

continouos GnRH agonists + Androgen receptor antagonist (Flutamide)

37
Q

Treatment for Male infertility and for ART

40
Q

Ergot-derivative Dopamine agonist with longest duration

A

Cabergolide

41
Q

Functions of FSH in males and females

A

females: stimulates granulosa cells to convert androgens to estrogens Males: stimulates sertoli cells to convert testosterone to estrogen

42
Q

Synthetic analogs of GnRH

A

 Goserelin/LHRH  Histreln  Leuprolide  Nafarelin  Triptorelin

43
Q

Principal Function is for ovarian follicle development

44
Q

Gonadotropins are most commonly used for what condition?

A

Controlled Ovarian Hyperstimulation

46
Q

Function of LH in males and females

A

females: stimulates theca cells for androgen production males: stimulates leydig cells for testosterone production

47
Q

45x more potent in inhibiting GH release (compared to Somatostatin)

A

Octreotide

48
Q

DOC for acromegaly

A

LANREOTIDE

50
Q

Cornerstone of Assisted Reproductive Technology

A

Gonadotropins (FSH, LH, hCG)

51
Q

Treatment of Choice for Female infertility

A

Clomiphene

52
Q

Stimulates longitudinal bone growth until epiphyses close near the end of puberty

53
Q

Toxicity of Dopamine Agonits

A

Erythromelalgia Peripheral digital vasospasm Psychiatric manifestations

54
Q

Standard medical treatment for hyperprolactinemia

A

Dopamine agonists

55
Q

NON-ERGOT DERIVATIVE Dopamine Agonist

A

Quinagolide Pramipexole Ropinirole

56
Q

Biphasic response to continous gonadorelin treatment

A

Flare (first 7-10 days) Receptor-down regulation

57
Q

Long-acting synthetic analog of vasopressin

A

Desmopressin acetate

58
Q

Treatment for Tocolysis (preterm labor)

59
Q

What is the most important adverse effect of Mecasermin?

A

Hypoglycemia

60
Q

Most widely used somatostatin analog

A

Octreotide

61
Q

2x more potent in reducing insulin secretion (compared to Somatostatin)

A

Octreotide

PHARMACOLOGY 4.0 (3 decks)

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