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PHARMACOLOGY 4.0 > Adrenal Hormones > Flashcards

Adrenal Hormones Flashcards

1
Q

Adrenal suppression manifests after how long of corticosteroid therapy

A

> 2 weeks

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1
Q

Progestin in oral contraceptive; aldosterone antagonist

A

Drospirenone

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2
Q

Diagnostic test for Cushing’s syndrome

A

Dexamethasone Suppression Test

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3
Q

1/3 of cortisol produced daily is excreted in the urine as

A

dihydroxyketone metabolites

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4
Q

enzyme that converts cortisol to cortisone

A

11-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase

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4
Q

Potent steroid with both glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid activity

A

Fludrocortisone

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4
Q

used diagnostically for detection of aldosteronism in hypokalemic patients with hypertension dosage of 400-500 mg/d for 4-8 days

A

Spironolactone

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5
Q

Approved for treatment of hypertension; spironolactone antagonist

A

Epleronone

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6
Q

Treatment for Aldosteronism

A

Fludrocortisone Deoxycorticosterone acetate

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8
Q

major limitation in the treatment use of glucocorticoids

A

Osteoporosis

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8
Q

Causes generalized glucocorticoid resistance

A

MIfepristone

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9
Q

What is present if 17-hydroxylation in the adrenals is defective?

A

Hypogonadism

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9
Q

Precursor of aldosterone, half life

A

Deoxycorticosterone, 70 mins

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11
Q

Half life of Cortisol

A

60-90 minutes

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12
Q

Excessive production of aldosterone by adrenal adenoma

A

Primary Aldosteronism

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14
Q

Treatment for Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia

A

Oral Hydrocortisone

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15
Q

Glucocorticoid antagonists

A

MAKAMTM Metyrapone Aminogluthetimide Ketoconazole Abiraterone Mifepristone Trilostane Mitotane

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16
Q

a 3β-17 hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase inhibitor

A

Trilostane

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17
Q

Drug of choice for stimulation of lung maturation in fetus

A

IM Bethamethasone (mother)

18
Q

Ketoconazole ADR

A

Hepatotoxic

19
Q

Relative selective inhibitor of 11 hydroxylation, interfering with cortisol and corticosterone synthesis

A

Metyrapone

19
Q

Reduces synthesis of corticosteroids in the gonads

A

Abiraterone

21
Q

excreted cortisol in the urine is measured by

A

17-hydroxysteroids

21
Q

Treatment of Hirsutism in women

A

Spironolactone (50-200mg/d)

22
Q

Treatment for Addison’s Disease

A

Large amount of parenteral hydrocortisone + correction of fluid and electrolyte abnormalities

22
Q

Low suppressed levels of plasma renin activity & angiotensin II

A

Secondary Aldosteronism

23
Q

what is the daily hydrocorticosteroid levels in Addison’s Disease?

A

20-30 mg

23
Q

Blocks 17ά-hydroxylase and 17,20-lyase

A

Abiraterone

26
Q

Most commonly prescribed salt retaining hormone

A

Fludrocortisone

27
Q

Used in conjunction with dexamethasone or hydrocortisone (eliminate estrogen production in breast CA)

A

Aminogluthetimide

28
Q

Normal individual morning cortisol

A

< 3 mcg/dl

29
Q

An orally active prodrug and has been studied in the treatment of refractory prostate cancer.

A

Abiraterone

30
Q

Related to the DDT class of insecticides

A

Mitotane

31
Q

Used in treatment of Primary Aldosteronism with dosage of 50-100mg/d

A

Spironolactone

33
Q

large amounts of deoxycorticosterone is produced when this adrenocortical enzyme is deficient

A

11-hydroxylase

34
Q

Treatment for Cushing’s Syndrome

A

surgical removal of the tumor resection of the adrenals given with 300mg soluble hydrocortisone as continuous IV on the day of surgery

35
Q

Block conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone

A

Aminogluthetimide

36
Q

half life of aldosterone

A

15 -20 minutes

38
Q

Daily dose of 100 mg hydrocortisone or more , for > 2 weeks produces?

A

Iatrogenic Cushing’s Syndrome

39
Q

Potent and rather nonselective inhibitor of adrenal and gonadal steroid synthesis

A

Ketoconazole

40
Q

what is the source of synthetic corticosteroids?

A

Cholic acid

41
Q

Result of bilateral adrenal hyperplasia secondary to an ACTH –secreting pituitary adenoma

A

Cushing’s syndrome

43
Q

How to differentiate between Hypercortisolism due to anxiety and alcoholism

A

Dexamethasone for 2 days and then followedby CRH test

44
Q

rare but serious acute adverse effects of high dose glucocorticoids

A

Acute pancreatitis

45
Q

Mineralocorticoid antagonist

A

SPIRONOLACTONE

PHARMACOLOGY 4.0 (3 decks)

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