Hypoparathyroidism Flashcards
All info
PTH deficiency.
Without PTH these cant happen:
- Bone resorption,
- Phosphaturic effect,
- Renal distal tubular calcium reabsorption,
- Dietary calcium absorption mediated by calcitriol
Diagnosed by
LOW PTH, HYPOCALCAEMIA, HYPERPHOSPHATAEMIA
Primary (PTH is low),
Secondary (PTH is low due to another condition that causes hypercalcaemia which = less PTH release).
Symptoms:
- Paraesthesia (Tingling sensations under skin [fingertips, toes, lips),
- Twitching facials muscles
- Muscle pain/cramps in legs, feet, or tummy
- Tiredness
- Mood changes (irritable, depressed, or anxious)
- Dry rough skin
- Coarse hair - breaks easy = falls out
- Fingernails that break easy
- hypomagnesaemia, hypokalaemia, and alkalosis.
Treatment:
Want to find normal calcium levels (2.2-2.6 - might be advised to keep levels slightly below range)
- Diet high in calcium or
- use Ergocalciferol, calcitriol, calcium carbonate, calcium gluconate supplements.
- Parathyroidectomy if benefit out weigh risk
Assessments:
- Blood test - monitor calcium, PTH and phosphorus levels
Causes:
- Autoimmune disease - Addison’s, pernicious anaemia
- Born without parathyroid glands
- Radiotherapy - treat neck/throat cancer
- Low blood Mg levels
