Hypomagnesaemia Flashcards
1
Q
name the causes of low magnesium
A
- drugs
- total parenteral nutrition
- diarrhoea
- alcohol
- hypokalaemia
- hypercalaemia
- metabolic disorders
2
Q
what drugs can lead to hypomagnesaemia?
A
- diuretics
- proton pump inhibitors
3
Q
how does hypercalcaemia lead to hypomagnesaemia?
A
calcium and magnesium functionally compete for transport in the thick ascending limb of the loop of henle
4
Q
what metabolic disorders can lead to hypomagnesaemia?
A
- gitleman’s
- bartter’s
5
Q
what features of hypomagnesaemia may be similar to hypocalcaemia?
A
- paraesthesia
- tetany
- seizures
- arrhythmias
- decreased PTH scretion –> hypocalcaemia
- ECG features
- exacerbates digoxin toxicity
6
Q
what is the management of hypomagnesaemia <0.4mmol/L or tetany, seizures or arrhythmias?
A
IV magnesium (e.g. 40 mmol of magnesium sulphase over 24 hours)
7
Q
what is the management of hypomagnesaemia >0.4mmol/L?
A
oral magesium salts (10-20 mmol orally per day in divided dosese)
8
Q
what is a side-effect of oral magnesium salts?
A
diarrhoea
