Hypercalcaemia Flashcards
1
Q
what is mild hypercalcaemia?
A
2.65 - 3.00 mmol/L
2
Q
what is moderate hypercalcaemia?
A
3.01 - 3.40 mmol/L
3
Q
what is severe hypercalcaemia?
A
> 3.40 mmol/L
4
Q
what are the causes of hypercalcaemia?
A
- primary hyperparathyroidism
- cancer
- sarcoidosis
- thyrotoxicosis
- thiazide diuretics
5
Q
what is the typical presentation of hypercalcaemia?
A
‘bones, stones, abdominal groans and psychic moans’
- abdominal pain
- nausea and vomiting
- constipation
- polyuria
- polydipsia
- depression
- confusion
- renal stones
- renal failure
- acute pancreatitis
6
Q
what effects does hypercalcaemia have on the heart?
A
- arrhythmias
- short QT interval
7
Q
how is hypercalcaemia acutely treated?
A
- IV 0.9% saline
- single dose of IV zolendronic acid
