Hypnotics and Insomnia Flashcards
1
Q
What may sleep disturbances consist of?
A
- Difficulty in falling asleep.
- Frequent nocturnal awakenings.
- Early morning wakening.
- General dissatisfaction with the quality of sleep.
2
Q
What is the main problem for an insomniac?
A
The main problem for an insomniac is not the lack of sleep, but the effect this has on performance the next day.
3
Q
What is good sleep hygiene?
A
- Go to bed and get up at the same time each day.
- Avoid caffeine and alcohol in the evening.
- Avoid daytime naps.
- If you cannot sleep, get up and occupy yourself until you can.
4
Q
What are the commonly used Z-drugs?
A
Zopiclone, Zolpidem, Zaleplon.
5
Q
How long after oral administration are peak plasma concentrations of benzodiazepines seen?
A
After 1 hour.
6
Q
How highly protein bound are the benzodiazepines?
A
80-95%.
7
Q
What are the side effects of the benzodiazepines?
A
Sedation, fatigue, poor concentration, confusion, respiratory depression.
8
Q
How long does it take for tolerance to the sedative effects of benzodiazepines?
A
One week.
9
Q
What drug can be used to reverse the effects of the benzodiazepines?
A
Flumazenil.
