Hyperventilation

Question 1

Signs and Symptoms of Hyperventilation

Answer 1

A. Most common: abnormally prolonged, rapid and deep respirations
B. Impaired problem solving abilities, motor coordination, balance, and perceptual tasks.
C. Progressive hyperventilation causes hypocalcemia
D. Apprehension and diaphoresis
E. Trembling, fatigue, and circumoral parasthesia

Question 2

Pulmonary Embolism

Answer 2

A. blockage of the pulmonary artery by some types of obstruction, such as fat, air, a tumor, or thrombus
B. Risk factors:
1. Abdominal/Pelvic surgery
2. Immobilization
3. Recent lower limb trauma
4. Pregnancy
5. Previous deep vein thrombosis
C. Will lead to reduced arterial carbon dioxide levels, which are also an etiologic factor of hyperventilation
D. Patients will not exhibit hand/ankle spasms nor tingling in mouth/fingers

Question 3

Treatment of Hyperventilation

Answer 3

A. Basic premise: to increase blood carbon dioxide levels while addressing psychological factors the patient is experiencing.
B. Recommended treatment
1. Place patient in the position of his or her choice; usually sitting upright
2. Loosen tight clothing around NECK REGION
3. Work with patient to control rate of respiration
4. Do not use paper bag
5. Can have patient breathe into cupped hands
6. Monitor pulse rates and blood pressure
7. Do not administer oxygen
C. If condition does not improve:
1. Intramuscular or oral administration of a benzodiazepine
2. Psychological counseling
3. Transportation by EMS