HYPERTENSIVE DRUGS Flashcards
list main different classes of these drugs
ACE inhibitors calcium channel blockers beta blockers thiazides diuretics alpha blockers angiotensin 2 receptor blockers
where in the body do loop diuretics act ?
ascending loop of henle
where do potassium diuretics act?
collecting duct
where do thiazides act?
DCT
symptoms?
difficulty breathing irregular heartbeat vision problems blood in urine chest pain fatigue or confusion
side effect of ACE inhibitors
rash oedema taste disturbances dry cough renal dysfunction
side effects of angiotensin receptor blockers
renal failure
headache
rash
side effects of beta blockers
tiredness cold peripheries bradycardia impotence wheezing
side effects if alpha blockers
postural hypotension
rash
headache
side effect of calcium channel blockers
headache constipation - veramipril bradycardia flushing ankle swelling
drugs that can cause hypertension
steroids
NSAIDs
calcineurin inhibitors
erythropoetin
secondary causes
renal - renal artery stenosis, glomerulonephritis
endocrine - cushings disease or conns syndrome
neurogenic - raised intercranial pressure
aortic coarctation
little people - pregnancy
stress - white coat hypertension
= RENALS
ACE inhibitor contra indications
pregnancy allergy renal artery stenosis k increase ( hyperkalemia) = PARK
lifestyle advice
healthy diet emphasis fruit and veg avoid red meat and sugars
salt intake <100mmol day
physical activity 150 mins moderate or 75 high a week
alcohol intake 14 units a week with 2 consecutive alcohol
free days
smoking increases CV risk but no direct link
weight loss
adhere nce to medication
beta blockers
reduce force of contraction and speed on conduction in the heart
