Hypertension Meds

Question 1

Loop Diuretics

Answer 1

Bumetanide (Bumex)
Furosemide (Lasix)

Non-potassium sparing, Monitor Hypokalemia

Question 2

Thiazide Diuretics

Answer 2

Hydrochlorothiazide

Non-potassium sparing, Monitor Hypokalemia

Question 3

Potassium-Sparing Diuretics

Answer 3

Spironolactone (Aldactone)

Monitor Hyperkalemia

Question 4

ACE Inhibitors

Answer 4

Lisinopril
Captopril
Enalapril
Benazepril

Adverse: Dry cough, Dizzy, Headache

Inhibits ACE, Blocks vasoconstriction. Primary for HF

Question 5

Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs)

Answer 5

Losartan (Cozar)
Valsartan (Diovan)

Prevents Angiotensin II & increases vasodilation, Sodium, and H2O excretion

Question 6

Beta-Andrenergic Blockers

Answer 6

Atenolol (Tenormin)
Metoprolol (Lopressor)
Carvedilol (Coreg)
Propranolol (Inderal)

Adverse: Orthostatic Hypotension (Hold & Tell MD if HR <60

Blocks beta-andrenergic receptor and decreases vasoconstriction, CO, and renin secretion

Question 7

Calcium Channel Blockers

Answer 7

Amlodipine (Norvasc)
Diltiazem (Cardizem)
Nifedipine (Procardia XL)
Verapamil (Calan)

Increase fluid and fiber to prevent constipation

Blocks Calcium infux across smooth muscle causing vasodilation

Question 8

Direct vasodilator

Answer 8

Hydralazine

used for Hypertensive Crisis!!

decreases SVR & BP by direct arterial vasodilation

Question 9

Lab Ranges

Answer 9

Na: 135-145
BUN: 10-20
Cr: 0.5-1.2

Question 10

BP Formula

Answer 10

BP = SVR x CO

Question 11

CO formula

Answer 11

CO = HR x SV

Question 12

Weight Management

Answer 12

Every decrease of 22 lbs is a decrease of SBP by 5-20 mmHg

Question 13

Sodium management

Answer 13

< 2300mg/day for general public
< 1500mg for those with HTN or at risk