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PTCB 2022 > Hypertension Medications > Flashcards

Hypertension Medications Flashcards

1
Q

ACE In ACE inhibitors stands for?

A

Angiotensin Converting Enzyme

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2
Q

Stem for ACE inhibitors?

A

-PRIL

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3
Q

Side effect that differs between ACE inhibitors and ARBs?

A

Non-productive cough

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4
Q

What do ACE inhibitors do?

A

Convert angiotensin I to Angiotensin II

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5
Q

Cardura Generic name?

A

Doxazosin

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6
Q

What does ARBs stand for?

A

Angiotensin Receptor Blockers

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7
Q

What do ARBs do?

A

Block angiotensin II receptors

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8
Q

Stem for ARBs

A

-SARTAN

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9
Q

What are ARBs for?

A

Hypertension, Heart Failure, Heart Attack, Stroke prevention, renal protection in diabetics

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10
Q

What side effects do both ACE inhibitors and ARBs have?

A

Low blood pressure, high potassium, and rarely anaphylaxis

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11
Q

What side effect do only ARBs have?

A

Fatigue and dizziness

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12
Q

Do not use ACE inhibitors or ARBs if…?

A

You are on potassium or pregnant.

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13
Q

Common ARBs

A

Candesartan (Atacand),
Irbesartan (Avapro),
Losartan (Cozaar),
Telmisartan (Micardis),
Valsartan (Diovan)

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14
Q

3 classes of diuretics

A

-Thiazides
-Loop
-Potassium-Sparing

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15
Q

How do Thiazides work?

A

increase transfer of salt and water from blood to urine

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16
Q

What are thiazides for?

A

Hypertension, Edema

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17
Q

Side Effects of Thiazides?

A

low blood pressure,
low potassium,
increased urination,
muscle cramps,
cardiac arrythmias,
sensitivity to light,
and rarely SJS

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18
Q

do not use if…

A
  1. on other hypertension drugs
  2. allergic to Sulfa
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19
Q

This class of diuretic is often prescribed with a banana, OJ, or potassium

A

Thiazides

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20
Q

Common Thiazides

A

HydroChloroThiaZide (Microzide) = often abbreviated HCTZ
Chlorthalidone (Hygroton, Thalitone)
Lisinopril/HCTZ (Zestoretic)
Losartan/HCTZ (Hyzaar)

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21
Q

How do Diuretics lower blood pressure?

A

flush excess water and sodium from the body

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22
Q

Loop Diuretics work by

A

promoting transfer of water and salt from the blood to the urine

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23
Q

This diuretic is MOST EFFECTIVE and can be life threatening if used incorrectly.

A

Loop Diuretics

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24
Q

What are Loop Diuretics used for?

A

Hypertension, Edema

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25
Q

Side Effects of Loop Diuretics

A

low blood pressure, low potassium, increased urination, muscle cramps, cardiac arrythmias, sensitivity to light, and rarely SJS

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26
Q

Do not use Loop diuretics if…?

A

on other hypertension drugs

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27
Q

Mnemonic to remember common loop diuretics + meds

A

Beautiful
BEAU(Bumetanide)- TI (Torsemide) - FUL (Furosemide)

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28
Q

What are potassium-sparing diuretics used for?

A

hypertension and heart failure

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29
Q

Side effects of potassium-sparing diuretics

A

low blood pressure, high potassium

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30
Q

Do not take potassium-sparing diuretics if:

A

you’re on other potassium increasing meds

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31
Q

common potassium-sparing diuretics?

A

Spironolactone (Aldactone)
Triamterene (Dyrenium)
Amiloride (Midamor)
Eplerenone (Inspra)
Spironolactone/HCTZ (Aldactone)
Triamterene/HCTZ (Dyazide/Maxzide)

32
Q

What do Alpha 1 blockers do?

A

Cause blood vessels to relax, specifically in bladder neck and prostate

33
Q

Stem for Alpha 1 blockers?

A

-OSIN

34
Q

What are Alpha 1 blockers for?

A

Hypertension and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH/enlarged prostate)

35
Q

Side Effects of Alpha 1 Blockers

A
  1. Orthostatic Hypotension (blood pressure drops quickly when transitioning from sitting to standing
  2. Dizziness
  3. Syncope
36
Q

Common Alpha 1 Blockers

A

Afluosin (Uroxatral)
Doxazosin (Cadura)
Sildosin (Rapaflo)
Tamsulosin (Flomax)
Terazosin (Hytrin)

37
Q

What are Alpha 2 agonists for?

A

Hypertension and ADHD

38
Q

side effects of Alpha 2 Agonist

A

slow heart rate, low blood pressure, drowsiness, rebound hypertension

39
Q

What do Alpha 2 Agonists do?

A

Activate Alpha 2 receptors, decreases norepinephrine & blood pressure

40
Q

What is the drug of choice for pregnant people on Alpha2 agonist meds?

A

Methyldopa (Aldomet)

41
Q

do not use Alpha 2 agonist meds if…?

A

on other hypertension medications or beta-blockers.

42
Q

Alpha 2 Agonist Medications

A

Clonidine (Catapress/Kapvay)
Guanfacine (Intuniv/Tenex)
Methyldopa (Aldomet)

43
Q

Stem for beta blocker meds

A

-OLOL

44
Q

What are beta blockers for?

A

Hypertension, Angina, Atrial Fibrillation, Heart Attack, Migraine Prevention

45
Q

Side effects of beta blockers?

A

Slow heart rate, exacerbation of Asthma/COPD, low blood pressure, fatigue

46
Q

How do beta blockers work

A

Prevent activation of beta receptors (reduces heart rate/force of heart beat). Relaxes blood vessels

47
Q

Do not use beta blockers if:

A

on asthma medications or other hypertension medications

48
Q

what disease does it mask signs of?

A

hypoglycemia, except sweating

49
Q

Norvasc generic?

A

Amlodipine

50
Q

Lotrel generic

A

Amlodipine/Benazepril

51
Q

Tenormin generic

A

Atenolol

52
Q

Lotensin generic

A

Benazepril

53
Q

Coreg generic

A

Carvedilol

54
Q

Hygroton/ Thalitone generic

A

Chlorthalidone

55
Q

Catapres generic

A

Clonidine

56
Q

Cardizem/Tiazac generic

A

Diltiazem

57
Q

Vasotec generic

A

Enalapril

58
Q

Lasix generic

A

Furosemide

59
Q

Tenex generic

A

Guanfacine

60
Q

Microzide generic

A

HCTZ

61
Q

Prinzide/Zestoretic generic

A

HCTZ/Lisinipril

62
Q

Prinivil/Zestril generic

A

Lisinipril

63
Q

Cozaar generic

A

Losartan

64
Q

Hyzaar generic

A

Losartan/HCTZ

65
Q

Toprol XL generic

A

Metoprolol Succinate ER

66
Q

Lopressor generic

A

Metoprolol Tartrate

67
Q

Bystolic generic

A

Nebivolol

68
Q

Nifediac/Procardia generic

A

Nifedipine

69
Q

Inderal generic

A

Propanolol

70
Q

Altace generic

A

Ramipril

71
Q

Calan/Verelan generic

A

Verapamil

72
Q

Aldactone generic

A

Spironolactone

73
Q

Dyazide/Maxzide generic

A

Triamterene/HCTZ

74
Q

Diovan generic

A

Valsartan

75
Q

Diovan HCT generic

A

Valsartan/HCTZ

PTCB 2022 (8 decks)

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