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PHAR 7217 > Hypertension II October 16, 2017 > Flashcards

Hypertension II October 16, 2017 Flashcards

1
Q

isosorbide mononitrate

A

Imdur

antianginal

heart/chest

vascular smooth muscle relaxation

headache, dizziness

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2
Q

nitroglycerin (sublingual & injection)

A

Nitrostat

antianginal

heart/chest/immediate needs

vascular smooth muscle contraction

flushing, dizziness, headache

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3
Q

ranolazine

A

Ranexa

antianginal

heart/chest

reduces Ca influx

bradycardia, hypotension

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4
Q

digoxin

A

Lanoxin, Digitek

antiarrhythmic

heart

inhibit membrane bound Na/K ATPase

bradycardia, blurry vision

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5
Q

amiodarone

A

Pacerone, Cordarone

antiarrhythmic

heart

lengthening of cardiac action potential (class III)

hypotension, cardiogenic shock/arrest, heart failure

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6
Q

propafenone

A

Rythmol

Antiarrhythmic (Class Ic)

Heart

Blocks Na, increase action potential rate (Class 1c)

Dizziness, Taste Disturbances

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7
Q

sotalol

A

Betapace

Antiarrhythmic (Class II and III)

Heart

beta-blocking (Class 2) and prolongation (Class 3)

Proarrhythmia, Torsade De Pointes (irregular heart rhythm)

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8
Q

dipyridamole and aspirin

A

Aggrenox

Antiplatelet Agent

Heart / Strokes / Blood clots

Dipyridamole - Inhibit Platelet aggregation, Aspirin - Inhibits PG / TBX A2 Synthesis

BLEEDING, dark stools, bruising

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9
Q

doxazosin

A

Cardura (XL)

Antihypertensive/BPH Agent

High Blood Pressure / BPH (enlarged prostate, urinary problems)

Alpha 1 adrenergic Antagonist, relaxes smooth muscle in bladder neck and prostate

Dizziness, fatigue, headache

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10
Q

prazosin

A

Minipress

Cardiovascular Ð Alpha-Blocker

High Blood Pressure

Inhibits post-synaptic Alpha receptors (vasodilation)

Palpitations, dizziness, fatigue

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11
Q

spironolactone

A

Aldactone

Diuretic

High Blood Pressure / Urine Output

antagonism of aldosterone (DCT Na/K exchange sites)

weakness, paraesthesia, confusion, dry mouth, muscle cramps

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12
Q

bumetanide

A

Bumex

Diuretic

High Blood Pressure / Urine Output

Inhibits NA/CL reabsorption in Ascending limb of Henle’s Loop

Muscle Cramps, weakness, hypokalemia, dizziness, impaired hearing

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13
Q

torsemide

A

Demadex

Diuretic

High Blood Pressure / Urine Output

Inhibits Na/K/Cl reabsorption in Loop of henle

excessive urination

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14
Q

triamterene with hydrochlorothiazide

A

Dyazide, Maxzide

Diuretic

High Blood Pressure / Urine Output

Triamterene - Inhibits resorption of NA in exchange for potassium. HCTZ - Inhibits Na/CL at distal renal tubule

Muscle Cramps, weakness, rash

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15
Q

chlorthalidone

A

Hygroton

Diuretic

High Blood Pressure / Urine Output

Inhibits NA/CL reabsorption at Cortical diluting segment in Ascending limb of Henle’s Loop

Muscle Cramps, weakness

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16
Q

furosemide

A

Lasix

Diuretic

High Blood Pressure / Urine Output

Inhibits Na/CL reabsorption at distal renal tubule, proximal, and loop of henle

Muscle Cramps, Weakness, anemia, hearing loss

17
Q

hydrochlorothiazide

A

Microzide

Diuretic

High Blood Pressure / Urine Output

Inhibits Na/CL at distal renal tubule

Muscle Cramps, Weakness

18
Q

metolazone

A

Zaroxolyn

Diuretic

High Blood Pressure / Urine Output

inhibits Na/CL reabsorption at cortical diluting sites in proximal Convoluted Tubule

Muscle Cramps, Weakness

19
Q

apixaban

A

Eliquis

Hematological Agent

Stroke / Blood Clots

Inhibitor of Factor XA (decrease thrombin and thrombus formation)

BLEEDING, contusion

20
Q

cyanocobalamin (vitamin B-12)

A

Nascobal

Hematological Agent

B12 supplement / Blood

Need for DNA synthesis

Pain at injection site, infection, dizziness

21
Q

clopidogrel bisulfate

A

Plavix

Hematological Agent

Heart / Strokes / Blood clots

Inhibit platelet aggregation (inhibit ADP binding)

BLEEDING

22
Q

dabigatran

A

Pradaxa

Hematological Agent

reduce stroke, blood clots

Competitive, Direct Thrombin Inhibitors (thrombin - clotting)

BLEEDING

23
Q

tadalafil

A

Cialis

Erectile Dysfunction Agent

sexual activity

PDE5 Inhibitor (increase CGMP to increase inflow of blood / causing erection)

headache, prolonged erection, flushing

24
Q

sildenafil

A

Viagra

Agent for Erectile Dysfunction

sexual activity

PDE5 Inhibitor (increase CGMP to increase inflow of blood / causing erection)

flushing, abnormal erection (time)

25
Q

cyclobenzaprine

A

Flexeril, Amrix, Fexmid

Muscle Relaxant

Muscle Spasm/ Muscle Issues

Reduces tonic somatic motor activity

Drowsiness, Weakness

26
Q

baclofen

A

Lioresal

Muscle Relaxant

Muscle Spasm/ Muscle Issues

Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Analog (Hyperpolarization resulting in inhibition of reflexes)

Drowsiness, Weakness

27
Q

orphenadrine

A

Norflex

Muscle Relaxant

Muscle Spasm/ Muscle Issues

Unknown (antimuscarinic)

drowsiness, dry mouth

28
Q

methocarbamol

A

Robaxin

Muscle Relaxant

Muscle Spasm/ Muscle Issues

inhibiting flexor and crossed extensor reflexes

Pruritus, Rash, Drowsiness

29
Q

carisoprodol

A

Soma

Muscle Relaxant

Muscle Spasm/ Muscle Issues

Unknown (may produce smooth muscle relaxation)

drowsiness, dizziness

30
Q

tizanidine

A

Zanaflex

Muscle Relaxant

Muscle Spasm/ Muscle Issues

Alpha 2 Adrenergic Agonist (reduces spasticity, inhibition of motor neurons)

Drowsiness, Weakness, Abnormal LFT, Blurry vision

PHAR 7217 (10 decks)

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