Hypertension Formulary Flashcards

1
Q

Brand Name: Amlodipine

A

Norvasc

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2
Q

Dosage: Amlodipine

A

Starting: 2.5 mg

Max Daily Dose: 10 mg

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3
Q

Adverse Effects: CCBs

A
  • reflex tachycardia
  • flushing
  • dizziness
  • headache
  • peripheral edema (dose-related)
  • gingival hyperplasia
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4
Q

Warnings: CCBs

A

increased risk of angina/MI in patients with obstructive coronary disease due to reflex tachycardia

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5
Q

Drug Class: Amlodipine

A

CCBs

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6
Q

Brand Name: Atenolol

A

Tenormin

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7
Q

Dosage: Atenolol

A

Starting: 25 mg

Max Daily: 100 mg

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8
Q

Adverse Effects: Beta Blockers

A
  • bronchospasm
  • bradycardia
  • fatigue
  • exercise intolerance
  • depression
  • can mask signs/symptoms of hypoglycemia
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9
Q

Caution: Beta Blockers

A
  • patients with PAD (carvedilol preferred)
  • patients with reactive airway disease (use selective)
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10
Q

Contraindications: Beta Blockers

A
  • second or third degree heart block
  • decompensated heart failure
  • post MI (ISA BBs only)
  • severe bradycardia
  • sick sinus syndrome
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11
Q

Drug Class: Atenolol

A

Cardioselective Beta Blocker

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12
Q

Brand Name: Benzapril

A

Lotensin

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13
Q

Dosage: Benzapril

A

Starting: 10 mg

Max Daily Dose: 40 mg

Frequency: 1 or 2

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14
Q

Adverse Effects: ACEi

A
  • angioedema
  • cough
  • hyperkalemia
  • acute renal failure w/ severe bilateral stenosis
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15
Q

Contraindications: ACEi

A
  • history of angioedema on ACEi
  • concomitant use of aliskiren in patients w/ DM
  • pregnancy/breastfeeding
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16
Q

Drug Class: Benzapril

A

ACEi

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17
Q

Brand Name: Clonidine

A

Catapres

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18
Q

Dosage: Clonidine

A

PO: 0.1-0.2 mg BID/TID (max of 2.4 mg/day)

Patch: 0.1-0.3 mg/24 hours

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19
Q

Adverse Effects: Clonidine

A
  • CNS depression
  • dizziness
  • fatigue
  • anticholinergic effects
  • bradycardia
  • reflex tachycardia
  • fluid retention
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20
Q

Drug Class: Clonidine

A

Central Alpha-2 Agnoist

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21
Q

Brand Name: Carvedilol

A

Coreg

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22
Q

Dosage: Carvedilol

A

Starting: 6.25 mg/dose

Max Daily Dose: 50 mg

Frequency: 2

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23
Q

Drug Class: Carvedilol

A

Mixed Alpha/Beta Blocker

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24
Q

Brand Name: Enalapril

A

Vasotec

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25
Q

Dosage: Enalapril

A

Starting: 5 mg

Max Daily Dose: 40 mg

Frequency: 1 or 2

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26
Q

Drug Class: Enalapril

A

ACEi

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27
Q

Brand Name: Hydrochlorothiazide

A

Microzide

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28
Q

Dosage: HCTZ

A

Starting: 12.5 mg

Max Daily Dose: 50 mg

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29
Q

Adverse Effects: HCTZ

A
  • hypokalemia
  • hypomagnesemia
  • hypercalcemia
  • hyperuricemia
  • hyperglycemia
  • hyperlipidemia
  • sexual dysfunction
  • increase in triglycerides/cholesterol
30
Q

Drug Interactions: Thiazide Diuretics

A

lithium toxicity with concurrent use

31
Q

Contraindications: Thiazide Diuretics

A
  • sulfa allergy
  • anuria
32
Q

Drug Class: HCTZ

A

Thiazide Diuretics

33
Q

Diuretic Monitoring

A

Electrolytes and Renal Function:
- baseline
- 1-2 weeks after initiation (elderly or CKD)
- 3-4 weeks after initiation (loop/aldosterone)
- every 6 months

34
Q

Brand Name: Labetolol

A

Trandate

35
Q

Dosage: Labetolol

A

Starting: 100 mg/dose

Max Daily Dose: 800 mg

Frequency: 2

36
Q

Drug Class: Labetolol

A

Mixed Alpha/Beta BBs

37
Q

Brand Name: Lisinopril

A

Zestril

38
Q

Dosage: Lisinopril

A

Starting: 10 mg

Max Daily Dose: 40 mg

39
Q

Monitoring: ACEi and ARB

A

Potassium and Renal Function:
- Baseline
- every 6-12 months
- 1-2 weeks only for elderly (low risk or K+<4.5 mEq/L can wait 3-4 weeks)
- 3-4 weeks only if elevated SCr or K+ at 1-2 weeks

40
Q

Drug Class: Lisinopril

A

ACEi

41
Q

Brand Name: Losartan

A

Cozaar

42
Q

Dosage: Losartan

A

Starting: 50 mg

Max Daily Dose: 100 mg

Frequency: 1-2

43
Q

Adverse Effects: ARBs

A
  • angioedema
  • hyperkalemia
  • acute renal failure w/severe renal artery stenosis
44
Q

Contraindications: ARBs

A
  • history of angioedema on an ARB
  • concomitant use of aliskiren in patients w/DM
  • Pregnancy/breastfeeding
45
Q

Drug Class: Losartan

A

ARB

46
Q

Brand Name: Metoprolol Succinate

A

Toprol XL

47
Q

Dosage: Metoprolol Succinate

A

Starting: 25 mg

Max Daily Dose: 400 mg

48
Q

Brand Name: Metoprolol Tartrate

A

Lopressor

49
Q

Dosage: Metoprolol Tartrate

A

Starting: 50 mg/dose

Max Daily Dose: 450 mg

Frequency: 2

50
Q

Drug Class: Metoprolol

A

Cardioselective BB

51
Q

Brand Name: Nifedipine

A

Procardia

52
Q

Dosage: Nifedipine

A

Starting: 30 mg

Max Daily Dose: 120 mg

53
Q

Drug Class: Nifedipine

A

DHP CCBs

54
Q

Brand Name: Spironolactone

A

Aldactone

55
Q

Dosage: Spironolactone

A

Starting: 12.5 mg

Max Daily Dose: 100 mg

Frequency: 1 or 2

56
Q

Adverse Effects: Aldosterone Antagonists

A
  • hyperkalemia
  • hyponatremia
  • gynecomastia (aldosterone)
57
Q

Drug Interactions: Aldosterone

A

ACEi/ARB/Renin Inhibitor/NSAID

58
Q

Contraindication: Spironolactone

A

concomitant use of potassium sparing diuretics

59
Q

Drug Class: Spironolactone

A

Aldosterone Antagonist

60
Q

Brand Name: Valsartan

A

Diovan

61
Q

Dosage: Valsartan

A

Starting: 80 mg

Max Daily Dose: 320 mg

62
Q

Drug Class: Valsartan

A

ARB

63
Q

Brand Name: Losartan + HCTZ

A

Hyzaar

64
Q

Dosage: Hyzaar

A

Losartan 50 mg/HCTZ 12.5 mg

Max: 100/25 mg

65
Q

Brand Name: Amlodipine + Benzapril

A

Lotrel

66
Q

Dosage: Lotrel

A

Amlodpine 2.5 mg/Benzapril 10 mg

Max: 10/40 mg

67
Q

Brand Name: HCTZ + Triamterine

A

Maxzide

68
Q

Dosage: Maxzide

A

HCTZ 25 mg/Triamterene 37.5 mg: 1/2 capsules/tablets daily

HCTZ 25 mg/Triamterene 50 mg: 1-2 capsules daily

HCTZ 50 mg/Triamterene 75 mg: 1 Tablet daily

69
Q

Brand Name: Lisinopril + HCTZ

A

Zestoretic

70
Q

Dosage: Zestoretic

A

Starting: Lisinopril 10 or 20 mg/HCTZ 12.5 mg

Max: 80/50 mg per day