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module 2a > hypertension drugs > Flashcards

hypertension drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Amlodipide brand name and class

A

Norvasc

CCB

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2
Q

Atenolol brand name and class

A

Tenormin

Beta blocker

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3
Q

Clonidine brand name and class

A

Catapres

alpha agonist

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4
Q

Enalapril brand name and class

A

Vasotec

ACE inhibitor

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5
Q

HCTZ brand name and class

A

Microzide

thiazide diuretic

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6
Q

Labetalol brand name and class

A

Trandate

beta blocker

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7
Q

Lisinopril brand name and class

A

Zestril

ACE inhibitor

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8
Q

Losartan brand name and class

A

Cozaar

ARB

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9
Q

Metoprolol succinate brand name and class

A

Toprol XL

Beta blocker

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10
Q

Metoprolol tartrate brand name and class

A

Lopressor

beta blocker

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11
Q

Nifedipine brand name and class

A

Procardia

CCB

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12
Q

Valsartan brand name and class

A

Diovan

ARB

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13
Q

Amlodipine dosing

A

Start: 2.5-5 mg/day
Next: 5 mg/day
Max: 10 mg/day

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14
Q

Atenolol dosing

A

Start: 25 mg/day
Next: 50 mg/day
Max: 100 mg/day

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15
Q

Clonidine dosing

A

PO: 0.1 mg BID
Max: 2.4 mg/day
usual 0.1 - 0.2 mg BID

Transdermal: 0.1 mg/24 hr patch applied q7days, increase by 0.1 at 1 week intervals if necessary (available as 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mg/24 hr patch)

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16
Q

Enalapril dosing

A

Start: 2.5 mg BID
Next: 10 mg/day or 5 mg BID
Max: 40 mg/day or 20 mg BID

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17
Q

HCTZ dosing

A

Start: 12.5 mg/day
Next: 25 mg/day
Max: 50 mg/day

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18
Q

Labetalol dosing

A

Start: 100 mg BID
Next: 200 mg BID
Max: 400 mg BID

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19
Q

Lisinopril dosing

A

Start: 10 mg/day
Next: 20 mg/day
Max: 40 mg/day

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20
Q

Losartan dosing

A

Start: 25 mg/day
Next: 50 mg/day in 1-2 doses
Max: 100 mg/day in 1-2 doses

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21
Q

Metoprolol succinate dosing

A

Start: 25 mg/day
Next: 50 mg/day
Max: 400 mg/day

22
Q

Metoprolol tartrate dosing

A

Start: 25 mg BID
Next: 50 mg BID
Max: 200 mg BID

23
Q

Nifedipine dosing

A

Start: 30 mg/day
Next: 60 mg/day
Max: 90 mg/day (120 according to Lexicomp)

24
Q

Valsartan dosing

A

Start: 80 mg/day
Next: 160 mg/day
Max: 320 mg/day

25
Q

Amlodipine side effects

A

Amlodipine specific: dose related palpitations


All CCBs: tachycardia, dizziness, HA, flushing, peripheral edema, gingival hyperplasia

26
Q

Atenolol side effects

A

Atenolol specific: impotence, nightmares, insomnia

All beta blockers: bronchospasm, bradycardia, masked hypoglycemia, impaired peripheral circulation, fatigue, decreased exercise tolerance, depression, withdrawal syndrome

27
Q

Clonidine side effects

A

Dry mouth, sedation, depression, withdrawal syndrome

28
Q

Enalapril side effects

A

Enalapril specific: hypotension, dizziness, HA

All ACE inhibitors: cough, angioedema, hyperkalemia, loss of taste, acute renal failure, glomerulonephritis, neutropenia, agranulocytosis, proteinuria

29
Q

HCTZ side effects

A

HCTZ specific: hypotension, nausea, diarrhea

All thiazide diuretics: hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, hypercalcemia, hyperuricemia, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, sexual dysfunction, lithium toxicity w/ concurrent administration

30
Q

Labetalol side effects

A

Labetalol specific: nausea, increased BUN

all beta blockers: bronchospasm, bradycardia, masked hypoglycemia, impaired peripheral circulation, fatigue, decreased exercise tolerance, depression, withdrawal syndrome

31
Q

Lisinopril side effects

A

Lisinopril specific: hypotension, dizziness, syncope, increased BUN, increased SCr (often transient)

all ACE inhibitors: Cough, Angioedema, Hyperkalemia, Loss of Taste, Acute Renal Failure, Glomerulonephritis, Neutropenia, Agranulocytosis, Proteinuria

32
Q

Losartan side effects

A

Losartan specific: Diarrhea, Chest Pain, Hypoglycemia, Cough

all ARBs: Orthostatic Hypotension, Renal Insufficiency, Hyperkalemia

33
Q

Metoprolol side effects

A

Metoprolol specific: Hypotension, Dizziness, Pruritus, Rash, Diarrhea

all beta blockers: Bronchospasm, Bradycardia, Masked hypoglycemia, Impaired peripheral circulation,Fatigue, Decreased Exercise Tolerance, Depression, Withdrawal syndrome

34
Q

Nifedipine side effects

A

Nifedipine specific: Nausea, Heart Burn

all CCBs: Tachycardia, Dizziness, Headaches, Flushing, Peripheral Edema, Gingival Hyperplasia

35
Q

Valsartan side effects

A

valsartan specific: Dizziness, Increased BUN

all ARBs: Orthostatic Hypotension, Renal Insufficiency, Hyperkalemia

36
Q

amlodipine monitoring

A

Heart rate, blood pressure

37
Q

atenolol monitoring

A

ECG, blood pressure

38
Q

clonidine monitoring

A

Blood pressure, standing and sitting/supine, mental status, heart rate

39
Q

enalapril monitoring

A

Blood pressure, serum creatinine, serum potassium, renal function within 1-2 weeks of initiations

40
Q

HCTZ monitoring

A

Assess weight, ins & outs reports daily to determine fluid loss, blood pressure, serum electrolytes, BUN, creatinine

41
Q

Labetalol monitoring

A

Blood pressure, standing and sitting/supine, pulse

42
Q

lisinopril monitoring

A

BUN, serum creatinine, renal function, WBC, and potassium
Hypotensive effects within 1 to 3 hours of initial dose or with increased dosages
Consider baseline hepatic function tests (if pre-existing hepatic impairment)

43
Q

losartan monitoring

A

Supine blood pressure, electrolytes, serum creatinine, BUN, urinalysis, symptomatic hypotension and tachycardia, CBC

44
Q

metoprolol monitoring

A

Heart rate, blood pressure

45
Q

nifedipine monitoring

A

Heart rate, blood pressure, signs and symptoms of CHF, peripheral edema

46
Q

valsartan monitoring

A

Baseline and periodic electrolyte panels, renal function, BP

In HF, serum potassium during dose escalation and periodically thereafter

47
Q

Hyzaar

A

losartan + HCTZ

48
Q

Lotrel

A

amlodipine + benazepril

49
Q

Maxide

A

HCTZ + triamterine

50
Q

Zestoretic

A

lisinopril + HCTZ

module 2a (13 decks)

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