Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Cardiology > Hypertension > Flashcards

Hypertension Flashcards

1
Q

lab monitoring with HTN

A 
creatinine
UA
TSH
glucose
K, Na, Ca
lipid panel
CBC (anemia)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

causes of secondary hypertension

A

renal (renal artery stenosis, polycystic kidneys, CKD)
endocrine (hyperthyroidism, hyperaldosteronism, pheochromocytoma)
others (OSA, coarctation of aorta)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

BP in arms higher than BP in legs

A

coarctation of the aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

DBP >120 w/ clinical findings of organ damage (N/V, CVA/TIA, subarachnoid hemorrhage, MI, PE, ARF, retinopathy)

A

hypertensive emergency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

diet recommended for prehypertension, HTN, weight loss

A

DASH diet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

diet high in K, Mg, Ca w/ decreased red meat/processed foods, increased grains, legumes, fish, protein

A

DASH diet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

important to monitor __ level with diuretics

A

potassium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q 
medication class
changes the way the kidneys handle sodium; increases urine output
A

thiazide diuretics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

anti-htn medication - avoid if sulfa allergy

A

thiazide diuretics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q 
medication class 
inhibits Na-K-Cl pump of the kidney in the loop of Henle
A

loop diuretics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

medication class
furosemide (Lasix)
bumetanide (Bumex)

A

loop diuretics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q 
medication class
antagonizes the action of aldosterone;
increases elimination of water in the kidneys and preserves potassium
A

aldosterone receptor antagonist diuretics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q 
medication class 
indicated for htn, HF, hirsutism, precocious puberty
A

aldosterone receptor antagonist diuretics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q 
medication class
avoid combining with potassium-sparing diuretics, ACE-I, or potassium supplements
A

aldosterone receptor antagonist diuretics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q 
medication class of
spironolactone
eplerenone (inspra)
A

aldosterone receptor antagonist diuretics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q 
medication class
avoid stopping abruptly - may cause severe rebound hypertension
A

beta blockers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

medication class - MOA

decreases vasomotor activity, CO, inhibits renin and norepinephrine release

A

beta blockers

18
Q

medication class - contraindications

asthma, COPD, 2nd/3rd degree heart block, sinus bradycardia

A

beta blockers

19
Q 
uses of medication class
htn
MI
migraine
glaucoma
resting tachycardia
angina pectoris
post-MI
A

beta blockers

20
Q

medication class - MOA

blocks voltage-gated calcium channels in cardiac smooth muscle and BVs resulting in systemic vasodilation

A

CCB

21
Q 
medication class - side effects
headache
ankle edema
heart block/bradycardia
reflex tachycardia
A

CCB

22
Q

medication class - contraindications
2nd/3rd degree heart block
bradycardia
CHF

A

CCB

23
Q 
medication class
nifedipine
amlodipine
verapamil
diltiazem
A

CCB

24
Q

medication class - MOA

blocks conversion of angiotensin I to II

A

ACE + ARB

25
Q 
medication class 
drug of choice with DM and/or CKD
A

ACE/ARB

26
Q

medication class (htn)
category C in 1st trimester
category D in 2-3rd trimester

A

ACE/ARB

27
Q

effects of ACE/ARB on fetus

A

fetal kidney malformations and fetal hypotension

28
Q

medication class - contraindications
mod-severe CKD
renal artery stenosis
hyperkalemia

A

ACE/ARB

29
Q

medication class
losartan
candesartan
olmesartan

A

ARB

30
Q 
medication class
potent vasodilator; given at bedtime with slow titrations
A

alpha-1 blocker/agonist
or
alpha-adrenergic blocker

31
Q

medication class - s/e
orthostatic hypotension
dizziness
reflex tachycardia

A

alpha-1 blocker/agonist
or
alpha-adrenergic blocker

32
Q

medication class
terazosin
tamsulosin

A

alpha-1 blocker/agonist
or
alpha-adrenergic blocker

33
Q 
medication class
indicated if both htn and BPH
A

alpha-1 blocker/agonist
or
alpha-adrenergic blocker

34
Q

hypertension tx plan in HF patient

A

ACE or ARB 1st

may add BB, diuretic

35
Q

hypertension tx plan in DM patient

A

ACE or ARB 1st

if AA can start w/ CCB or thiazide

36
Q

hypertension tx plan in CKD patient

A

ACE or ARB 1st

can add CCB or thiazide

37
Q

hypertension tx plan in CVA patient

A

ACE or ARB 1st

can add CCB or thiazide as 2nd line

38
Q

s/s include copper/silver wire arterioles, AV nicking

A

hypertensive retinopathy

39
Q

tx for elderly patients with isolated systolic htn

A

thiazide diuretic or CCB

40
Q

which medication should women with htn + osteoporosis/osteopenia receive

A 
thiazide diuretic 
(slow down calcium loss)

Cardiology (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions