Hypertension Flashcards
<120/<80 is the perimeters for which hypertension category
Normal
120-139/80-89 is in the perimeters for which hypertension category
Prehypertension
140-159/90-99 is in the perimeters for which hypertensive category
Stage 1 hypertension
> 160/>100 fits into which hypertensive category
Stage II
What is the desired BP for people over the age of 60
- below 150/90
What is the desired BP for people under the age of 60?
- below 140/90
When should people be treated with drug therapy?
- joint national committee 8 (JNC8) guidelines state that drug therapy is to be used for pts that are above the age guidelines
What is the generalized difference between essential and secondary hypertension
- essential hypertension is not caused by a specific disease process or medication
- secondary hypertension is
What are common risk factors of essential hypertension
- obesity
- smoking
- family history
- stress
- sedentary lifestyle
- African American race
- excessive alcohol use
- hyperlipidemia
- increased intake of salt or caffeine
Name some specific diseases and drugs that may increase risk of secondary hypertension
- renal disease
- primary aldosteronism
- pheochromocytoma
- Cushing’s syndrome
- cardiovascular disorders
- pregnancy
- medications (estrogens, glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids
Hypertension is a major risk factor for what 4 disease processes
- cerebral, renal coronary and peripheral vascular disease
How do does hypertension initially present?
- the disease is initially asymptomatic
What are the typical goals of Tx?
- reduction of BP
- preventing/lessening the extent of organ damage
What is the reasonable time period to attempt nonpharmacological Tx before utilizing pharmacological tx
1-3 months
Obtain BP how many times and in which position?
- 2 or more times
- on both arms, with pt standing and supine
What should you compare pt BP with
- prior documentation
Name nonpharmacological interventions (7)
- weight reduction or maintenance of ideal weight
- moderate intake of alcohol caffeine containing products
- initiation of regular exercise program
- avoidance of smoking
- relaxation techniques and biofeedback therapy
- elimination of unnecessary meds that may contribute to hypertension
Dietary sodium should be restricted to how many grams daily, as a nonpharmacologic intervention
2g
Headache, blurry vision and dyspnea are symptoms indicative of what type of hypertension
- malignant hypertension
Describe the onset of malignant hypertension
- rapid progression of elevated blood pressure
What could result from in-promptly intervening in the event of malignant hypertension
- kidney failure, stroke, and or heart failure could occur
What is considered a hypertensive crisis
- BP >180/120
Does hypertensive crisis require IV therapy
Yes
What must you consider when treating for hypertensive therapy?
- don’t decrease BP too fast
