Hypertension Flashcards
Beta Blockers (Beta Antagonists)
Hypertension Post-MI (1st line) angina arrhythmias migraine prophylaxis
Beta Blockers Adverse Effects
Bronchospasm
Bradycardia
Depression, fatigue (careful with elderly)
Erectile dysfunction (ED)
Blunts hypoglycemic response (warn diabetic patients)
Beta Blockers
Contraindications
Asthma, COPD, Chronic Bronchitis, Emphysemia, Bradycardia ans AV-Block (2nd - 3rd degree block)
Do not discontinue abruptly- severe rebound (hypertensive crisis)
Alpha-Blockers
HTN & coexisting BPH
Not a first line drug for one only
Terazosin
Give at bedtime at very low dose and slowly titrate up
Cautious with the frail elderly (risk of syncope and falls)
Side effects: dizziness and hypotension
Calcium Channel Blockers
-pine
HTN and Raynauds phenomenon
CCB: contraindications
AV-block
Bradycardia
CHF
Verapamil (do not mix with erythromycin and clarithromycin)
CCB
Adverse Effects
Headache Peripheral edema Bradycardia Heart failure Heart block Hypotension QT prolongaton Constipation
CCB administration
avoid grapefruit juice
Intraconazole, macrolides (except azithromycin) possible drug interaction
ACE Inhibitors
-pril
blocks conversion of angiotensin 1 to angiotensin 11
avoid potassium sparing diuretics and potassium supplements
Cough- new onset and dry and hacking
1st drug for HTN with diabetes/renal
excreted in breast milk
ACEI
“Black Box Warning”
death/injury to fetus 2nd & 3rd trimester
Stop immediately when pregnant
ACEI-captopril
monitor CBC: agranulocytosis, neutropenia, leukopenia
ARBs
“sartan”
block angiotensin 11
can be 1st line for diabetics and mild -moderate renal disease
ARBs/ACEI
adverse effects
angioedema and anaphylactoid reactions
ACEI cough
Hyperkalemia
ACEI/ARB
be careful when prescribing to sexually active, reproductive-aged females who are not consistently using birth control (Category C and Category D during 2nd & 3rd trimester)
