Hypertension Flashcards
1
Q
Signs of end organ damage in hypertension
A
CNS: headaches , stroke
Eyes: papilledema, retinopathy
Vascular: CAD/heart failure
Kidneys: proteinuria
2
Q
What investigations should be done in all patients with hypertension?
A
Urinalysis (protein?) Diabetes screen Lipids ECG Cardiac exam incl. peripheral vasc. Exam
3
Q
When can we diagnose hypertension on the first visit?
A
Hypertensive urgency or emergency
4
Q
When can be diagnose hypertension on the second visit?
A
If ambulatory home blood pressure was done and shows daytime >135/85 or 24h >130/80
5
Q
How high does blood pressure have to be to be diagnosed on visit 3?
A
> 160/100
6
Q
How high does blood pressure have to be to be diagnosed on visit 4-5?
A
> 140/90
7
Q
How is essential hypertension treated?
A
Diet: DASH** Exercise ** Weight loss Moderate alcohol consumption Smoking cessation
Drugs: Diuretics Beta blockers ACEi (first line in diabetes, kidney disease) CCB
