Hypertension

Question 1

Elevated

Answer 1

120-129 and
less than 80

Question 2

Stage 1

Answer 2

130-139
or
80-89

Question 3

Stage 2

Answer 3

Over 140
or
over 90

Question 4

Hypertensive Crisis

Answer 4

Over 180
and/or
over 120

Question 5

Primary HTN

Answer 5

Also called essential or idiopathicHTN
Elevated BP of unknown cause90% to 95% of all cases
Contributing factors

Question 6

Secondary HTN

Answer 6

Elevated BP with a specific cause sudden development 5% to 10% of adult cases
Clinical findings relate to underlying cause
Treatment aimed at removing or treating cause

Question 7

Risk factors

Answer 7

elevated serum lipids, excess sodium,

Question 8

DASH Diet

Answer 8

Emphasize fruits, vegetables, and potatoes (rich in potassium) as the foundation of the diet.
Choose whole grains, low-fat dairy, and lean protein.
Limited Saturated and Trans Fats
Include moderate amounts of nuts and seeds for heart-healthy fats and fiber.
Limit sodium intake to less than 2,300 milligrams per day.

Question 9

Hypertensive
encephalopathy

Answer 9

Headache, nausea/vomiting, seizures, confusion, coma;
retinal changes

Question 10

Renal insufficiency

Answer 10

Decreased U/O, Increased BUN, Creatinine

Question 11

Cardiac decompensation

Answer 11

MI, HF, pulmonary edema, chest pain, dyspnea

Question 12

Aortic dissection

Answer 12

Chest and back pain, reduced/absent peripheral pulses

Question 13

Hospitalization

Answer 13

• IV drug therapy: titrated to MAP
• Monitor cardiac and renal function
• Bed rest for those on IV drugs
• Neurologic checks
• Determine cause
• Education to avoid future crisi