Hypertension

Question 1

What is the preferred diagnostic test for fibromuscular dysplasia?

Answer 1

Non-invasive imaging (e.g. CT angiography, duplex ultrasound)

Question 2

What is the treatment for a patient with fibromuscular dysplasia with renal artery stenosis?

Answer 2

ACE inhibitors and angioplasty

Question 3

What is the likely diagnosis in a young patient with hypertensive emergency (blood pressure 185/125 mm Hg, papilledema, severe headache, confusion, and vomiting) and an abdominal bruit on examination?

Answer 3

Fibromuscular dysplasia with renal artery stenosis

Question 4

What are the drugs of choice to lower BP in severe preeclampsia (maternal hypertensive crisis > 160/110)?

Answer 4

1. IV Labetalol
2. IV Hydralazine
3. PO Nifedipine

Question 5

What is the pharmacological treatment for preeclampsia or eclampsia to prevent seizures?

Answer 5

IV magnesium sulfate

Question 6

What is the likely underlying etiology of kidney disease with arteriosclerotic lesions of renal arterioles?

Answer 6

Hypertension

Question 7

In a patient with both hypertension and a history of migraine requiring prophylactic therapy,_____ are an adequate first-line alternative as they target both conditions.

Answer 7

beta blockers (e.g., propranolol)

Question 8

What is the likely physiologic cause of isolated systolic hypertension and increased pulse pressure in an elderly patient?

Answer 8

Increased stiffness of the arterial wall