Hypertension Flashcards
Normal blood pressure?
120 / 80
Equation for mean arterial pressure?
MAP = SV x HR x TPR
Explain the MOA of ace inhibitors
They prevent ACE from converting angiotensin 1 into angiotensin 2
What effects does angiotensin 2 have?
Causes vasoconstriction, sodium retention, aldosterone release, etc
Which drug class can increase bradykinin levels?
Ace inhibitors
Prefix for ace inhibitors?
-pril
Sartans are also known as?
Angiotensin type 1 receptor antagonists (the receptor that angiotensin 2 binds to)
Name 2 angiotensin type 1 receptor antagonists
Candesartan and irbesartan
Name an alpha adrenoreceptor antagonist that acts centrally
Prazosin
Prazosin MOA?
Alpha 1 blocker that causes vasodilation, decreased TPR and reduced muscle tone. Acts on vascular smooth muscle
Explain use of methyldopa in hypertension
Reduces sympathetic tone
Name 2 centrally acting anti hypertensives
Clonidine and methyldopa. Both alpha 2 agonists
Name 2 beta blockers that are specific to heart
Atenolol and metoprolol
Which endogenous molecule normally binds to the beta receptor?
Adrenaline and noradrenaline
Where do Dihydropyradines act?
More potent on blood vessels than in the heart
Name 2 dihydropyradines
Amlodipine and nifedipine
Verapamil and diltiazem are examples of which drug class?
Non-dihydropyradine CCBs
Where do non-dihydropyradines act?
In the heart.
Reducing BP increases afterload. True or false
False
CCBs reduce contractility by acting on contractile cells. What effect do they have on autorhythmic cells?
Block the calcium channels that are needed for depolarisation. Therefore, decrease AP rate in SA and AV node, therefore reducing heart rate
Name a thiazide diuretic
Hydrochlorothiazide
