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Cardiovascular system > HYPERTENSION > Flashcards

HYPERTENSION Flashcards

1
Q

BP targets

A 
Over 80= 150/90 
under 80 140/90
renal disease= 140/90 
pregnancy= 135/85
SIGN= 140/80 regardless of age and 135/85 if high risk CVD and renal disease etc
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2
Q

Drugs to treat in pregnancy

A

IV labetalol first line

MR nifedipine or methyldopa

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3
Q

Which ACEI can be taken BD

A

Captopril

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4
Q

When should first dose antihypertensive be taken

A

at night- first dose hypo

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5
Q

Which ACEI should be taken 30-60 mins before food

A

Perindopril

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6
Q

Side effects ACEI

A 
Dry cough- switch to ARB
HYpotension 
Bradycardia 
Hypoglycaemia 
Hyperkalemia 
Nephrotoxic 
Anaphylactoid reactions 
Hepatic effects- stop if jaundice or liver transaminase 3x normal 
taste disturbances/ ulcers
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7
Q

Interactions ACEI

A

HyperkalAemia- K sparing diuretics ARB Aliskren
Nephrotoxic- NSAIDs
Hypotension- diuretics
ACE AND ARB TOGETHER= NEPHROTOXIC, HYPOTENSION AND HYPERKALAEMIA should not be given together in diabetics nephropathy

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8
Q

Which BB has a short half life

A

Esmolol

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9
Q

Which BB are intrinsically long acting

A

Bisoprolol
Atenolol
Celiprolol
Nadalol

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10
Q

Which BB are intrinsically sypathomimmetic acting and what is there benefit

A

Pindolol
Acebutol
Celiprolol
Oxprenolol

Less bradycardia
less coldness of extremities

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11
Q

Which BB are Cardioselective and what is there benefit

A 
Bisoprolol 
Atenolol 
Metoprolol 
Acebutol 
Nebivolol

Less broncospasms

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12
Q

Which BB are water soluble

A

Celiprolol
Atenolol
Nadolol
Sotalol

Less nightmares and sleep disturbances they dont cross the BBB

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13
Q

BB side effects

A

Hypotension
Bradycardia
Hyperglycaemia and Hypoglycaemia
Hyperkalaemia

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14
Q

BB contrindications

A

Asthma
Worsening Heart failure
2nd 3rd degree AV block
Severe bradycardia and hypotension

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15
Q

When should BB not be used

A

In diabetics
In asthmatics
With CCBs especially verapamil- hypotension and asystole
with Thiazide like diuretics- hyperglycaemia etc

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16
Q

CCBs- which should be brand specific when MR

A

Nifedipine

17
Q

Side effects of CCBs

A

ANkle swelling, flushing and headache

18
Q

What to do when ankle swelling with CCB

A

give ARB/ACEI

19
Q

Interaction with CCB

A

grapefruit juice

20
Q

When should DIltiazem be brand specifc

A

above 60mg

21
Q

Which CCBs are to be avoided in heart failure

A

ALL except amlodipine

22
Q

Which is the only CCB licensed in arrythmias

A

Verapamil

23
Q

Verapamil most common side effect

A

Constipation

24
Q

Which class of antihypertensives can cause liver effects and must be stopped if liver tranaminase more than 3x normal

A

ACEI

ask patient to report jaundice and abdo pain

Cardiovascular system (3 decks)

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