Hypernatraemia Flashcards
1
Q
A
2
Q
What are causes of hypernatraemia?
A
- Diabetes insipidus
- Iatrogenic - excessive saline
- Osmotic diuresis - e.g. diabetes
- Primary hyperaldosteronism
- Drugs - Lithium, tetracyclines, amphotericin B
3
Q
What are symptoms of hypernatraemia?
A
- Lethargy
- Thirst
- Weakness
- Iriitability
- Confusion
- Coma
- Seizures
- Signs of dehydration
4
Q
What investigations might you consider doing in someone who is hypernatraemic?
A
- Bloods - U+E’s, Plasma osmolality
- Urine - Na+ and osmolality
- Electrolyte-free water excretion
5
Q
How would you manage hypernatraemia?
A
- Treat cause - Desmopressin, withdraw nephrotoxic drugs
- Move to ITU if severe
- Consider IV 0.9% saline if hypovolaemic
6
Q
What might a electrolyte free water excretion ratio of > 5.0 indicate in someone with hyperntatraemia?
A
Diabetes insipidus
