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Cardio (everything) > Hyperlipidemia > Flashcards

Hyperlipidemia Flashcards

1
Q

3 factors increasing lipids?

A

nutrition
genetics
metabolic dx

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2
Q

primary hypercholesterimia is associated with a what predispoition?

A

genrtic

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3
Q

2ndary hypercholesterimia is associated with what?

A

health problems and behaviors

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4
Q

a lesion isnt considered critical until it reaches what % of occulsion?

A

90% of blood vessel

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5
Q

stable angina, acute coronary syndromes, PAD, CVA, acute aterial occulsion, aneurysm formation due to weakening of vessel wall are all comps of what dx?

A

atherosclerosis

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6
Q

plaques found in atherosclerosis are rich in what?

A

cholesterol

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7
Q

high LDL=?

High HDL=?

A

atherosclerotic dx

lower risk of CHD

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8
Q

majority of serum cholesterol consists of LDL we use total cholesterol as a what?

A

target risk factor

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9
Q

men and women are not effected the same way

men we are more concerned with what?

women?

A

LDL-men are more dependent on having low LDL

HDL-women are more dependent on having high HDL

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10
Q

genetic disorder which creates absent or defective LDL cell surface receptors leading to unregulated LDL synthesis?

A

familial hypercholesterolemia

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11
Q

in familial hypercholesterolemia what will LDLs be in children and adults?

A

> 155

>190

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12
Q

homo and heterozygous trait?

A

homo-liver transplant

hetero-CHD in 30s or 40s

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13
Q

eruptive xanthoma on ass

A

extremely high truglycerides >1000mg

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14
Q

tendinous xanthomas on achilles, patella, back of hand

A

high LDL

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15
Q

lipidemia retinalis or milky white vasculature

A

triglycerides >2000mgs

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16
Q

high intensity:

A

atorvastatin

rousuvastatin

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17
Q

low intensity:

A

pravstatin

louvastatin

18
Q

baseline fasting lipid panel/ALT/CPK

A

when starting statins

19
Q

which is montiored throughout tx with statins?

A

fasting lipid panel

20
Q

Check a CPK, creatinine and myoglobinuria
Consider other pathologies
hypothyroidism, AKI, liver failure, rheumatic disorders, primary muscle disease

A

concern for rhabdomyolysis

21
Q

muscle pain, weakness and dark urine, makes us suspicious of what?

A

rhabdomylosis

22
Q

adb obesity men >40
women >35

tryglycerides >150

HDL: MEN <40
WOMEN <50

BP: >130/80
fasting glucose: >110mg

all of this is the criteria for what?

A

metabolic syndrome, you need to have 3 of the conditions to have an increased risk of CHD, CHF, DM

23
Q

tx of metabolic syndrome?

A

tx underlying causes (weight, HTN, ASA for CHD, tx high TG or low HDL)

24
Q

hypertruglyceridemia: tx when it is above what?

A

1000mg

25
Q

tx of choice for hypertryglyceridemia?

A

niacin, fibrates

26
Q

> 1000mg of tryglycerides puts pt at risk for what?

A

pancreatitis

27
Q

inhibit the rate controlling enzyme in the formation of cholesterol

A

statins

28
Q

decreases rate of MIs and mortality in pts with and without CHD, resduces CVA

A

statins

29
Q

statins have and increase/decreases how on cholesterol?

A

decrease of LDL/TG

modest increase in HDL

30
Q

muscle aches and mild GI disoders of SE of what?

A

statins

31
Q

liver failure, myositis, rhabdo are al serious SE of what?

A

statins

32
Q

Niacin:

increase/decrease what?

A

reduces production of VLDL and secondary decrease of LDL

increase in HDL

33
Q

niacin can be decreased with what?

A

ASA/NSAIDS

34
Q

NIacin exacerbates what?

A

gout/PUD

35
Q

this drug commonly casues flushing?

A

niacin

36
Q

bile acid: increase/decrease?

A

decrease LDL

increases TG

NO EFFECT ON HDL

37
Q

bile acid binding can interfere with absorption of other drugs like what?

A

warfarin

38
Q

gemfibrozil, fenofibrate

A

fibric acid

39
Q

fibric acid: increase/decrease?

A

decrease LDL, TG

increase HDL

40
Q

SE: cholelithasis, hepatitis, myositis?

A

fibric acid

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