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Cardio (everything) > Cardiac Testing > Flashcards

Cardiac Testing Flashcards

1
Q

where to start in cardiac testing?

A

comprehensive history and physical

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2
Q

EKG:

good to test for what?

A 
arhythmias 
conduction disturbances
MI
susceptibility to sudden cardiac death 
sructural abnormailities
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3
Q

continuous or intermediate cardiac monitor worn by pts for a period of time, “event monitor”, they can press a button a when symptoms are experienced

A

holter montior

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4
Q

implantable device that can monitor a pt for years to capture arrthytmias for years

A

loop recorder

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5
Q

helps evaluate changes in BP and HR based on position of body?

A

tilt table

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6
Q

used to evulate vertigo/syncope?

A

tilt table

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7
Q

isoproternenol, nitrates and adenosine are used to induce orthoatatic changes and provoke arrythmias

A

tilt table

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8
Q

US to create images of chambers, valves, great vessels and function/motion of the heart

A

US

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9
Q

TRANSTHORAIC OR TTE

TRANSESOPHGEAL OR TEE

WHICH IS ROUTINE?

A

TTE or transthoracic

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10
Q

used to created detailed images of the posterior heart

A

TEE ECHO

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11
Q

a TEE echo can help see what?

A

left artial thrombus, small mitral valve regurges, throacic aortic dissections

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12
Q

used to determine flow rate of blood through heart?

A

ECHO DOPPLER

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13
Q

chamber size and wall motion can be assessed during this?

A

echo

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14
Q

wall mostion abnormailties are a sign of what?

A

ischemia

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15
Q

dilated chambers a sign of what?

A

systolic HF

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16
Q

ventricular hypertrophy a sign of what?

A

diastolic hypertrophy

17
Q

end diastolic vs end systolic give you what?

A

ejection fraction

18
Q

uses radioactive contrast to enhance images or valves, EF and wall motion

A

MUGA

19
Q

used to detect ischemia when there is otherwise no ischemia at rest?

A

stress test

20
Q

assess significance of known CAD?`

A

stress test

21
Q

adenosine, regadensoine, dipyridamole, dobutamine, isoproterenol are all used in what?

A

pharmacologic stress tx

22
Q

what should be used during every stress test?

A

EKG

23
Q

on echo stress tx we are looking for what?

A

signs of ischemia after indicing stress (once during exercise and once after)

24
Q

echo stress tests look for ischemia: more specifically change in what two things?

A

wall motion

ejection fraction

25
Q

involves the injection of tracer amounts of radioactive elements attached to larger molecules or blood cells

A

nuclear caridac imaging

26
Q

myocarida perfusion study: SPECT:

common tracers?

A

thallium 201 or technectium 99m

27
Q

decreased concentration of common tracers on SPECT mean there is what?

A

poor perfusion or cell death

28
Q

if during rest, (SPECT), there is no improvement in concentration then its likely what?

A

scar tissue and not a perfusion issue

29
Q

MRI are excellent at deteching what?

A

aoritc dissection
pericardial thickening
LV volume/mass

30
Q

left heart cath:

serves as both dignoistic and therapeutic

visulaize what?

A

coronary artery occulsions and assits with angioplasty or stent insertion

31
Q

left heart cath is useful for differentiating what?

A

cardiac construiction versus restriction pressures

32
Q

RIght hear cath aka?

A

pulmonary artery cath or swan ganx cath

33
Q

right heart cath measures:

A

central venous pressures, pulmonary artery pressures, pulmonary cap wedge pressure, CO

34
Q

indications of right heart cath?

A

volume status in shock, cardiogenic shock, pulmonary HTN

35
Q

catherters introduced into the chambers to indice rhythm disorders and identify a structural basis

A

electrophysiology testing

pacemaker
defibrillator
biventricular pacing

36
Q

this is used during cardiogenic shock, acute MI

it increases CO, decreases HR, increases perfusion, MC circulatroy assist device

A

intra aortic balloon pump

Cardio (everything) (4 decks)

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