Hyperlipidaemia and hypercholesterolaemia Flashcards
Hyperlipidemias (Hyperlipoproteinaemias) is
raised plasma level of one or more lipoprotein classes
The two major types of lipids found in the blood are
cholesterol and triglycerides.
Hypercholesterolaemia
also called high cholesterol, is a medical term for abnormally high levels of cholesterol in the blood
difference between hyperlipidaemia and hypercholesterolaemia
Hyperlipidemia has no symptoms, so the only way to detect it is to have your doctor perform a blood test called a lipid panel or a lipid profile. Lifestyle changes are the important aspect for managing hyperlipidemia. These changes alone may be enough to reduce the risk of complications like heart disease and stroke. Whereas hypercholesterolemia is typically due to a combination of environmental and genetic factors. Environmental factors include weight, diet, and stress.
hypercholesterolemia is caused by either
over-production or udner-removal
defects in
enzymes, receptors or apoporteins
how many classes of Hyperlipidemias
6
types 1
chylomicrons in fasting plasma. no link with coronary artery disease. caused by defective lipoprotein lipase
IIa
associated with coronary artery disease that may be severe- defective LDL receptor
IIb
associated with CAD. defect unknown
III
raised IDL and chylomicrons remnants- associated with coronary after disease. Rare. Cause day defective apoprotein (ApoE
IV
associated with CA. Defect unknwon
V
raised chylomicrons and VLDL in fasting plasma- associated with coronary artery disease. cause unknown
Treatment of hyperlipoproteinaemias: First approach
- Diet - Lifestyle
Diet
o Reduce cholesterol and saturated lipids in diets o Increase fibre
cholesterol tests
