Hyperglycemia Flashcards
1
Q
Which patients get DKA
A
Type 1 diabetic but can occur in severe type 2
2
Q
What are the 3 key biochemical markers of DKA
A
- Hyperglycemia
- Hyperketosis
- Metabolic acidosis
3
Q
Why does the body make ketones when there is sugar
A
This is because there is a lack of insulin or a severe resistance meaning that the cells need energy and so ketone are made to provide these cells with energy
4
Q
What are the most common triggers for DKA
A
- Infection
- Infarctions (MI and strokes)
- Insufficent insulin
- Intercurrent illness
5
Q
Who is mostly effected by HHS
A
Type 2
6
Q
What are the main differences between DKA and HHS
A
- DKA is a fast onset only a day or less of feeling bad whereas HHS is a slower onset
- Both have polyurea
- Both have signs of dehydration
7
Q
How to diagnosis DKA
A
- Blood glucose >14
- Urine and serum ketones
- Ph less than 7.3
- Anion gap is more 12
8
Q
How to diagnose HHS
A
- Blood glucose above 33
- The Ph is above 7.3
- Elevated serum osmolality
- No anion gap
9
Q
How to calculate the corrected sodium
A
Measure Na + ((Glucose -6)/6 X 2.4)
10
Q
What is the breathing sign that is associated with DKA
A
Kussmauls breathing
11
Q
A
