Hypercalcaemia Flashcards
1
Q
What is the presentation of hypercalcaemia?
A
‘Bones, stones, groans and psychic moans’
- Renal stones
- Bone pain
- Nausea and vomiting, poor appetite, constipation
- Fatigue and confusion
2
Q
What are the two main causes of hypercalcaemia?
A
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Malignancy
3
Q
What are the other causes of hypercalcaemia?
A
Sarcoidosis
Vitamin D intoxication
Acromegaly
Thiazide diuretics
Addison’s disease
Dehydration
4
Q
What investigation is important to carry out in hypercalcaemia?
A
ECG due to risk of arrhythmias
5
Q
What is the first line management of hypercalcaemia?
A
IV normal saline
6
Q
What is the second line management of hypercalcaemia?
A
IV bisphosphonates
