Hypercalcaemia Flashcards
1
Q
How does PTH (parathyroid hormone) regulate serum calcium?
A
- Stimulates bone resorption
- Stimulates kidneys to reabsorb calcium
- Stimulates kidneys to produce calcitriol (active vit D) which causes GI absorption of calcium
2
Q
What are the signs and symptoms of hypercalcaemia?
A
Neuro - Confusion, Lethargy, coma
GI - Nausea, abdo pain
GU - thirst, polyuria
Cardio - Arrhythmia
3
Q
What would be the initial investigation in hypercalcaemia?
A
Test PTH levels
4
Q
What are the causes and hormonal/biochemical profile of primary hyperparathyroidism?
A
Usually due to adenoma of parathyroid gland
- High PTH
- High Ca
- Low PO4
5
Q
What are the causes and hormonal/biochemical profile of secondary hyperparathyroidism?
A
Chronic renal failure
- Low Ca
- High PTH
- High PO4
6
Q
What investigations would be carried out in a person with hypercalcaemia?
A
- Bone profile
- PTH
- U&E
- ECG
7
Q
Deficiency of which electrolytes can cause hypocalcaemia?
A
Magnesium
