Hyper-V Clustering Flashcards
What is the PoSH command to enable a Hyper-V replica for a VM?
Enable-VMReplication
How do you view a list of Hyper-V replication commands?
Get-Command -Module Hyper-V -Noun replication
What is the PoSH command to failover a VM?
Start-VMFailover
What is a downside using CredSSP authentication protocol when performing Hyper-V migrations?
Requires live migrations to be performed directly at the Hyper-V host, doesn’t support double hop carrying credentials
What is a requirement when using Kerberos authentication for Hyper-V migration?
Must set up contained delegation in AD for both computer accounts
Which services need to be configured for Kerberos Contrained Delegation to support live migration?
cifs
Microsoft Virtual Migration Service
What is the difference between a live migration and a shared nothing live migration?
Live migration: Requires shared storage
Shared Nothing Live Migration: Does not require shared storage
What is quorum?
Number of failures cluster can withstand before it shuts down
Needs 51% vote
When the is not node majority in failover clustering, what must be configured?
A witness
What is the PoSH parameter that controls the type of cluster being created?
-AdministrativeAccessPoint
What are the typed of witness for quorum?
Disk Witness
File Share Witness
Cloud Witness
What type of backup is used to backup cluster database?
System state
What is the difference between General Purpose File Server and SoFS?
General Purpose File Server: Active/Passive (User Data)
Scale Out File Server: Active/Active (Application Data) *SoFS requires CSV
What are the use cases for SoFS?
Hyper-V
SQL Server
What is the CSVFS?
Cluster Shared Volume File System: Acts as filter to break out file and meta based operations separately
What the dependencies for SoFS?
SMB 3.0
Cluster Shared Volumes
Failover Clustering
What is the PoSH command to create fault domains?
New-ClusterFaultDomain
What are the features that combat transient failures in a stretch cluster
Unmonitored state - Not being monitored by cssv service
Isolated state - No longer active member but still hosts roles
Quarantined state - No longer aloud to join cluster for period of time if leaves cluster
What is storage spaces direct (S2D)?
Locally attached software defined storage, alternative to expensive SAN & NAS
Uses Software Storage Bus to allow all nodes to see local storage
What are the types of cluster storage for storage spaces direct (S2D)?
Converged Cluster
Hyper-Converged Cluster
What is the difference between Converged (Disaggregated) and Hyper-Converged cluster?
Converged: Dedicated SoFS/SMB/CSV, requires two separate clusters
Hyper-Converged: Uses local cluster, cannot scale
What is the maximum number of hosts you can have in an NLB cluster?
32
What are the different NLB cluster operation modes?
Unicast - 2NIC minimum
Multicast - 1 NIC
IGMP Multicast - 1 NIC
How does unicast cluster operation mode work?
Requires a NIC dedicated to NLB cluster
Causes subnet flooding
Hosts replace real MAC with NLB generated one
How does multicast cluster operation mode work?
Adds Layer 2 MAC address to NIC of each host
Causes subnet flooding
Requires configuration on network side
How does IGMP multicast cluster operation mode work?
All traffic intended for cluster will only go through ports connected to cluster host
Does not flood subnet
What is client affinity in NLB cluster rules?
Controls if users request will be handles from same machine it originated from
What operation should you perform when bringing down an NLB host for upgrade?
DrainStop
Blocks further sessions to host until active sessions die, at which point it can go down
