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Vital Signs > Hygiene > Flashcards

Hygiene Flashcards

1
Q

skin

A

largest organ in the body
mucosal cells are essential to the health of the body

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2
Q

functions of the skin

A

protection
secretion
excretion
temperature regulation
sensation

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3
Q

epidermis

A

several thin layers of epithelial cells compromise the epidermis
these cells shield the underlying tissue

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4
Q

dermis

A

supports the epidermis
contains
-collagen
-nerve fibers
-blood vessels
-glands
-hair follicles

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5
Q

glands in the dermis: sweat glads

A

protect the skin from being too dry
cool the body

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6
Q

sebaceous glands

A

secrete sebum, an oily odorous fluid, into the hair follicles
-softens/lubricates the skin
-slows water loss from the skin
-bactericidal action

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7
Q

subcutaneous tissue

A

nerves, blood vessels, nerves, lymph, and connective tissue filled with fat cells
fat insulates the body
cushions the upper layers
loosely secures the skin to underlying structures

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8
Q

normal nail

A

transparent, smooth, and convex
pink nail bed
translucent white tip

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9
Q

oral cavity

A

mucous membranes line the mouth
normal mucosa is a sign of health
medications, exposure to radiation, and mouth breathing can impair salivary secretion

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10
Q

normal mucosa

A

light pink
soft
moist
smooth
no lesions

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11
Q

xerostomia

A

caused by things such as chemo
dry mouth

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12
Q

gingivitis

A

inflammation of the gums

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13
Q

dental caries

A

tooth decay

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14
Q

hair

A

reflection of general health status
-growth
-distribution
-pattern

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15
Q

sensitive sensory tissues

A

prevent injury and discomfort
ex. avoid getting soap in patients eyes
assess for skin breakdown

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16
Q

good hygiene

A

support the function and stability of the skin, mucosa, and other structures
promote a positive self-image
provide comfort

17
Q

nurse factors

A

communication skills promote the therapeutic relationship
hygiene activities provide opportunities for assessment
-physical condition
-emotional status
-health promotion practices
-health care education

18
Q

nursing actions

A

utilize knowledge
consider the patients culture and development stage
implement professional standards
maintain confidence

19
Q

process of implementing hygiene procedures

A

communicate with patient: what is about to happen and for how long
determine how to provide hygiene
-adapt procedure to accommodate patients faculties and resources
provide privacy
maintain warmth

20
Q

safety

A

keep bed rails up
-patient alone
-side opposite the caregiver
test the temperature of bathing solution or bath cloths before using

21
Q

bath guidelines

A

provide privacy
maintain safety
maintain warmth
promote independence
anticipate needs: patient pains, nauseated, etc.

22
Q

benefits of bathing

A

removes perspiration, dirt and bacteria
helps prevent skin problems
refreshes patient- comfort
stimulates circulation/ provides passive exercise
opportunity for communication and physical assessment

23
Q

types of baths

A

shower
-if patient is weak use shower chair
partial or assisted
sponge bath at the sink
-bathe only those areas that the patient cannot reach
complete bed bath
tub bath
-immersion in tub
-often utilized in long term care facilities
bag bath
-several warmed disposable cloths moistened with no rinse solution
therapeutic
-sitz
-perineal and anal areas

24
Q

perineal care

A

importance: to prevent skin breakdown
-urine is acidic
encourage patients to perform own care

25
Q

risk factors of not preforming perineal care

A

urinary or fecal incontinence
rectal and perineal surgical dressing
indwelling urinary catheters
morbid obesity

26
Q

red rules of patients rooms

A

point 1: clean up clutter
point 2: maintain comfort- temperature, noise, lighting, ventilation, odors
point 3: keep the over-the bed table clean. do not set urinals or bed pans on it

27
Q

bed rules

A

level 1: if linens are not soiled, they do not have to be changed daily
level 2: soiled linens should be changed as often as needed
level 3: ambulatory patients: bed changes can be done while they are showering or using the bathroom
level 4: bedridden patients: occupied bed making procedure

Vital Signs (3 decks)

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