Hydrosphere Flashcards
How much water do oceans contain
97.5%
How much freshwater is there?
2.5%
How much surface water is there?
0.4%
Rivers,lakes,atmosphere,soil,moisture
How much ice is there?
69.5%
How much ground water is there?
30.1%
How does evaporation take place.
Takes place due to heat
What is transpiration?
Loss of water from trees and plants
Evapotranspiration
What is condensation?
When water vapour is carried upward ,it cools leading to condensation.
What is precipitation?
Further cooling of water vapour eg.rain,snow,hail
What is interception?
When moisture reaches earths surface and doesn’t fall directly onto the ground prevented by trees and plants
What is surface runoff?
When moisture flows over the ground and finds its way into rivers and streams.
What is ground water flow?
When the remaining water(moisture) seeps underground,downwards by infiltration and sideways.
What are some water rich countries?
Russia,Canada,China,USA and Brazil
Why doesn’t Australia have a lot water?
Because it contains a large area of desert in its borders.
What do we use water for?
Agriculture-irrigation
Industrial-for use in factories and power generation.
Domestic-for use in homes and for waste disposal.
How do we get water from rivers?
It is cheap and easy
Most densely populated areas are found near big rivers eg.Ganges,India
How do we get water from Dams?
Been the only real way to meet the huge increase in demand for water around the world
Why do we get water from boreholes?
We can draw water from underground by drilling a borehole and pumping the water upwards from deep below the earths surface.
Why and how do we get water from Rainwater Harvesting?
This is catching rainwater’s as it runs off your roof or driveway and putting it in storage tanks for later use.
What are the most important ocean resource for humans?
Fish-food source
What resources are found at the bottom of the sea floor?
Oil and natural gas
- gulf in the Middle East and Gulf of Mexico have hundreds of drilling platforms and rigs which are used to extract oil and gas from below the sea floor.
- one of the risks of mining at sea is potential for environmental disaster such as deep horizon disaster in Gulf of Mexico (April 2010)
What do coral reefs do?
Within tropical waters coral reefs and attract tourists because of their natural beauty and abundance of marine life
What are the consequences of human use of the ocean
During the past century,human population has increased and this has put pressure on oceans resource.
People have removed lots of living creatures from sea and in exchange humans have added billions of plastic waste and toxic substances.
What are ocean currents
Continuous directional movement of seawater driven by gravity.Ocean water moves in 2 directions:horizontally and vertically
They can be warm or cold