Biosphere

Question 1

What is the biosphere

Answer 1

-Living part of the planet it is a space on or near the earths surface a container and support living organisms and ecosystems

Question 2

What is an ecosystem

Answer 2

Biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment

Question 3

Quick facts about the biosphere

Answer 3

• Contains lithosphere hydrosphere and atmosphere
• Always changing as a result of the earths physical chemical and biological process
• Human activity impact biospheres such as deforestation industrialization irresponsible mining and pollution

Question 4

Amazon basin

Answer 4

Amazon river is the second longest river in the world it begins in the Andes mountains and flows eastwards through Amazon rainforest to the Atlantic ocean

Question 5

Climate

Answer 5

• Amazon basin experience is an equatorial climate 25°C on average every day
• Annual rainfall is high 2000 mm per year
• Rains throughout the year
• no season

Question 6

Vegetation

Answer 6

-A combination of high temperatures ,heavy rainfall and a constant growing season rainforest has a layered structure

Question 7

Layers of rainforest

Canopy

Answer 7

-Trees reach a height of 40 m .trunks are straight and bark is thin .trees branch out at the top and the branches and leaves intertwine.

Question 8

Emergent

Answer 8

trees that rise above the canopy

Question 9

Environmental consequences of human use on earth

Farming

Answer 9

-Clearing of rainforests to be replaced by cattle ranches and plantations [destroys natural habitats]
-in 2000 Amazon basin contained 30% of Brazils turtle beer herd but this is increased to over 40% cattle ranching is the biggest cause of deforestation in the Amazon basin and ranches accounts for 70% of cleared rain forest in 2010 Brazil share of the worlds beef export market was 25% and is likely to increase
-The green revolution is -new varieties or hybrid of high-yielding seeds for crops like wheat sorghum and Rice to try solve the problem
-Crops require an increase in the use of fertilizers pesticides and irrigation
.

Question 10

Conservation/sustainability

Answer 10

-Soil erosion ,deforestation and harming harmful farming practices can’t continue if there’s any hope of saving our planet
sustainable farming methods like
crop rotation integrating livestock and crops organic farming our forestry are all solution to this problem

Question 11

Integrating livestock and crops

Answer 11

• Combining life stock and vegetable production the whole farm nutrient balance of imports and exports become more even
• Nutrients,manure and compost applications tend to improve soil organic matter biological activity and potential disease suppression

Question 12

organic farming

Answer 12

With organic farming healthy soil is full of bacteria fungi minerals and other organic matter this natural biodiversity helps soil retain water resist erosion and produce more nutrient dense crops rather than killing biodiversity with chemicals

Question 13

Agroforestry

Answer 13

• Practice of growing trees and crop farming provide sustainable farm inputs, improve soil ,conservation sequests carbon and increases the biodiversity and soil health
• trees involved in agroforestry are multi purpose utilities such as shade,fodder,fuel wood

Question 14

Deforestation

Answer 14

• Forests are plundered for their resources-wood for construction,paper,shelter
• soil is left in poor quality and exhausted with farming

Question 15

Why are forests worth saving

Answer 15

• Supports habitats with high biodiversity
• Improve soil structure depth and fertility
• Major carbon store/sink

Question 16

Sustainability/conservation

Answer 16

• sustainability forestry (re-planting)
• setting up protected forest areas
• recycling/up cycling paper &goods

Recycling involves destruction of waste in order to create something new whereas up cycling takes way to create something new from its current state

Question 17

Tourism

Answer 17

-Growth of tourism industry has global environmental impact even though tourism has benefits it has cost some people and the environment

Question 18

Environmental benefits of tourism

Answer 18

• Greater awareness of landscapes habitats and wildlife is created
• Park fees from tourism can pay for management/ conservation

Question 19

Environmental problems of tourism

Answer 19

• Loss of habitat to build the new infrastructure of hotels /airport
• pollution problems: visual, water, air, noise
• Increase congestion

Question 20

population – world population growth

Answer 20

• Population of the world increases by 27 people every 10 seconds
• Natural population growth is determined by the difference between the number of births of the total population and number of deaths of the population(per thousand per year)
• Population increases the number of babies born is great for the numbers of people who die

Question 21

-Comparing birth and death rates

Answer 21

• First determine difference between the birth rate and the death rate
• Divide difference by 1000 and multiply by 100 to get the percentage

Question 22

Migration(can be forced or voluntary)

Answer 22

• movement of people from one area to another area
• Internal migration (within the same country)
• International migration (to another country)
• Person migrate because of push and pull factors
• Push factors are negative things about the person place of origin
• Paul factors are positive things about peoples destination