Hydrosphere

Question 1

Why is water called a polar molecule?

Answer 1

Because it has a positive and a negative end

Question 2

Why is water called the universal solvent?

Answer 2

Because water is polar, it dissolves many substances

Question 3

Water molecules stick to other molecules

Answer 3

Adhesion

Question 4

Water molecules stick together

Answer 4

Cohesion

Question 5

Water molecules go from roots to leaves

Answer 5

Capillary action

Question 6

Inward pull of surface water molecules creating a smooth sheet

Answer 6

Surface tension

Question 7

Why does ice float in water?

Answer 7

Because they crystalize and spread out. They have a less density than water; therefore they float

Question 8

What is the water cycle?

Answer 8

Continuous movement of water from the ocean to atmosphere to land then back to ocean.

Question 9

What fuels the water cycle?

Answer 9

The sun

Question 10

The process by which a liquid changes to a gas

Answer 10

Evaporation

Question 11

The process of warm air cooling and it rises and releases moisture in the form of liquid.

Answer 11

Condensation

Question 12

The rain, snow, sleet or hail that falls from clouds on to the earths lands and oceans

Answer 12

Precipitation

Question 13

Precipitation that flows over land into streams and rivers, eventually flowing into oceans

Answer 13

Runoff

Question 14

Precipitation transported underground

Answer 14

Groundwater

Question 15

Water that seeps into rocks and between particles of soil on earth

Answer 15

Infiltration

Question 16

Downward movement of water through soil due to gravity

Answer 16

Percolation

Question 17

Water vapor given off by plants during photosynthesis

Answer 17

Transpiration

Question 18

What 3 process can occur after precipitation?

Answer 18

Runoff, groundwater, or evaporation

Question 19

How does water return to the water cycle after it has been trapped underground?

Answer 19

Transpiration

Question 20

What is salinity?

Answer 20

Total amount of dissolved salt in a sample of water

Question 21

Where does the salt in the ocean come from?

Answer 21

Volcanic activities

Question 22

How does salinity affect the freezing point of water?

Answer 22

It lowers the freezing point

Question 23

How does salinity affect the density of water?

Answer 23

It increases the density

Question 24

What 2 dissolved gasses are found in the ocean?

Answer 24

Oxygen and carbon dioxide

Question 25

What is a current?

Answer 25

A large stream of moving water that flows through the oceans

Question 26

What is surface current? What causes it?

Answer 26

Surface current is a current running at the surface of the sea, and it is driven by winds

Question 27

What is a deep current? What causes it?

Answer 27

Deep currents are currents running across the ocean floor, and it’s caused by difference in density

Question 28

What is an upwelling? Why is it important?

Answer 28

The movement of cold water upward from the deep ocean along with nutrients for the plankton a up at the surface

Question 29

The amount of heat needed to increase temperature; water has high ________

Answer 29

Specific heat

Question 30

The area between the high and low tides, relatively warm, and diverse with animal life

Answer 30

Intertidal zone

Question 31

Aka “coastal wonders” it’s from the low tide mark to the continental shelf, it is well oxygenated and good for fishing

Answer 31

Neritic zone

Question 32

An area of 100% light penetration in the open ocean, has rays and jellyfishes

Answer 32

Sunlit zone

Question 33

Aka “disphotic zone”, middle layer of open ocean, has pufferfish, squids, jellyfish, and more

Answer 33

Twilight zone

Question 34

Central ocean, dark and cold, no light penetration, has giant squids and anglerfishes

Answer 34

Midnight zone

Question 35

What is a hydrothermal vent? Where is it located?

Answer 35

The vents releases hot water (gas & chemicals) from the mid oceanic ridge n

Question 36

What is an ocean trench

Answer 36

Canyons that include the oceans deepest points. Tectonic plate movements

Question 37

An area where fresh water empties into an area with salt water. The salinity is lower than the ocean

Answer 37

Estuary