Hydrosphere Flashcards
What do you call two different molecules being sticked to one another?
Adhesion
What do you call molecules sticked to another same molecule?
Cohesion
It is caused by the strong cohesion between water molecules.
Surface Tension
It is due to an interplay of the forces of adhesion and surface tension.
Capillarity
What do you call the concave and convex part of the tube?
Meniscus
What is the plural of meniscus?
Menisci
Which part of the meniscus is used to read the liquid level?
Lower Meniscus
How many percentage of the total water is the fresh groundwater?
0.76%
How much salt does brine water have?
50 ppt
How much salt does saline water have?
30 ppt
How much salt does brackish water have?
.5 ppt
How much salt does freshwater have?
0-0.4 ppt
It is the saltiness or dissolved salt content.
Salinity
It is expensive to remove from water and is an important factor in water use.
Salt
How is water distributed to different places of the earth?
Through the water cycle
What are the different processes involved in the water cycle?
Evaporation, condensation, transpiration, precipitation, sublimation
It is the process of liquid becoming gas.
Evaporation
It is how water returns to the earth.
Precipitation
It is the process of water coming from plants.
Transpiration
It is the process in which solid becoming gas.
Sublimation
It is the process in which gas becomes liquid.
Condensation
It is when water flows vertically through the soil and rocks (gravity).
Percolation
It is the movement of water in solid, liquid or vapor state through the atmosphere.
Advection
It is the variety of ways by which water moves across the land. It includes both surface and channel runoff.
Runoff
What is the biggest body of water?
Ocean
How many oceans are there?
4 or 5
It is the zone wherein light reaches.
Photic zone
It is the zone where light does not reach.
Aphotic zone
It is the place where people can walk on. A portion of this is the shore.
Continental shelf
It is the abrupt drop.
Continental slope
It is the gentle slope.
Continental rise
It is the surface of the ocean floor.
Abyssal plain
It is known as the seashore.
Intertidal zone
What is another name for intertidal zone?
Littoral zone
It is the edge of shelf or coastal waters.
Neritic zone
It is the open ocean or deepest part.
Pelagic zone
It is the ocean floor.
Benthic
What is the darkest depth of the ocean?
Hadalpelagic zone
What is the midnight zone?
Bathypelagic
It is the twilight zone.
Mesopelagic zone
It is the abyss.
Abyssopelagic
It is the sunlight zone.
Epipelagic
It is a large body of saline water that surrounds the land.
Sea
What is the boundary line of the sea and ocean?
End of the continental slope
It is a body of water surrounded by land on 3 sides.
Bay
It is the land that is surrounded by water on 3 sides.
Headland
It is a larger bay that is an arm of an ocean or sea.
Gulf
It is a narrow, channel that connects two larger bodies of water.
Strait
It is located beneath the earth’s surface in soil pore spaces and in the fractures of rock formations.
Groundwater
What do you call the area that is a unit of rock or a deposit?
Aquifer
It is the upper surface of an area filled with groundwater, separating two zones.
Water table
It is the zone above the water table.
Vadose zone or zone of aeration
It is the zone below the water table.
Phreatic zone or zone of saturation
It is a site where the aquifer surface meets the ground surface and it is where water flows to the surface.
Spring
They are flowing bodies of water.
Rivers
What do you call the start of a river?
Source
Another name for source.
Headwater
A river that flows into a main stem river or a lake.
Tributary
Branches off and flows away fron a main stream channel.
Distributary
It is the mouth of the river or landforms.
Delta
It is an area of land that contains a common set of streams and rivers that all drain into a single larger body of water.
Watershed
Meeting of two or more bodies of water
Confluence
It is a bend in a sinuous watercourse or river.
Meander
It is a cutt-off meander
Oxbow lake
He classified rivers based on their age.
William Davis
It is a steep gradient that has very few tributaries and flows quickly.
Youthful
It is less steeper and flows more slowly. It has many tributaries.
Mature
It is a low gradient and low erosive energy.
Old
