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Science > Cosmology > Flashcards

Cosmology Flashcards

0
Q

He observed that light from distant galaxies is red shifted.

A

Edwin Hubble

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1
Q

It is the study of origin and history of the universe.

A

Cosmology

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2
Q

What does it mean when light from distant galaxies is red shifted?

A

It means that galaxies are moving farther and farther away.

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3
Q

The farther away a galaxy is from us, the faster it is receding. What law is this?

A

Hubble’s Law

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4
Q

The Hubble’s law is an evidence of this.

A

Expanding Universe

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5
Q

True or False.

The fact that we see all other galaxies moving away from us implies that we are the center of the universe.

A

False

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6
Q

True or False.

All galaxies will see all other stars moving away from them in an expanding universe.

A

True

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7
Q

What concept was used to explain the origin of the universe?

A

Big Bang

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8
Q

What are the 3 major pieces of experimental evidence?

A

Expansion of the universe, 3K background radiation, hydrogen-helium abundance

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9
Q

What does “K” stand for in 3K background radiation?

A

Kelvin

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10
Q

A uniform background radiation in the microwave region of the spectrum is observed in all directions in the sky.

A

3K background radiation

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11
Q

Account for nearly all the nuclear matter in today’s universe. This is consistent with the standard or “big bang” model.

A

Hydrogen-Helium abundance

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12
Q

The process of forming the hydrogen and helium and other trace constituents.

A

Big Bang Nucleosynthesis

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13
Q

Going Farther = redder
Going Towards = blue

What do you call this effect?

A

Doppler effect

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14
Q

It can see this ancient light from the very beginning of the Universe.

A

Microwave Telescope

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15
Q

This theory includes a black hole that exploded.

A

Physicist Nikodem Poplawski’s theory

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16
Q

True or false.

The more masive the star, the shorter the life span.

A

True

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17
Q

In what classification does the biggest star called?

A

Supergiants

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18
Q

In what class is the hottest star?

A

Class O

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19
Q

What color is the hottest star?

A

Blue

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20
Q

This diagram shows the temperature and size of stars.

A

Hertzsprung-Russel Diagram

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21
Q

Where do stars’ energy come from?

A

Nuclear Fusion

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22
Q

What kind of vast clouds does stars start?

A

Cold Molecule Gas

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23
Q

They are immense fusion reactors in space.

A

Stars

24
Q

What are the stars made of?

A

Hydrogen and Helium

25
Q

Stage wherein it collects hydrogen. It lasts for about 100, 000 years.

A

Protostar

26
Q

Stage wherein it stops collecting materials but not yet starting nuclear fusion. It tries to reach the critical temperature. This lasts for about 100 million stars.

A

T Tauri Star

27
Q

Stage wherein fusion is already starting. This lasts for about 10-15 billion years.

A

Main Sequence

28
Q

Once hydrogen resource is depleted, it will become?

A

Red Giant

29
Q

What will happen when a small star die, what will it become?

A

White Dwarf

30
Q

What will the large star become when it dies?

A

Neutron Star or Black Hole

31
Q

The outer layer of a star are lost when the star changes from a red giant to a white dwarf.

A

Planetary Nebula

32
Q

A very small, hot star, the last stage in the life cycle of a star.

A

White Dwarf

33
Q

It is the explosive death of a red supergiant star.

A

Supernova

34
Q

Composed of mainly neutrons after the supernova explodes.

A

Neutron Star

35
Q

Are believed to form from massive stars at the end of their life times.

A

Black Hole

36
Q

It is a collection of several stars

A

Galaxies

37
Q

These galaxies are shaped like a spheroid or elongated sphere and consists of only old stars.

A

Elliptical Galaxy

38
Q

These galaxies have spiral arms and consists of both new and old stars.

A

Spiral Galaxy

39
Q

These galaxies have no regular or symmetrical structure.

A

Irregular Galaxies

40
Q

They have lots of young stars, gas, and dust, but do not have spiral arms.

A

Irregular I galaxies

41
Q

They look strange. It seems that they are distorted by collisions with other galaxies at some time in their history.

A

Irregular II galaxies

42
Q

When is Earth Day?

A

April 22

43
Q

It is like anti-gravity working over large distances.

A

Dark Energy

44
Q

It is due to the cycle. According to this theory, the universe has a limit.

A

Big Bounce

45
Q

In this theory the universe will become compac.

A

Big Crunch

46
Q

In this theory, everything will stop moving when it reaches absolute zero in temperature.

A

Big Freeze

47
Q

It is a dreadful theory wherein everything will be ripped apart.

A

Big Rip

48
Q

It is a space telescope that has a mirror and can capture visible light.

A

Hubble Space Telescope

49
Q

Nebular hypothesis was proposed by whom?

A

Pierre de Laplace

50
Q

The process wherein planets are formed by collecting grains.

A

Accretion

51
Q

It is when these grains form into clumps and then collided to form larger bodies.

A

Planetisimals

52
Q

What are the 4 terrestrial planets?

A

Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars

53
Q

What are the 4 gas giants?

A

Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune

54
Q

It is a process wherein planetisimals gather surrounding debris.

A

Sweeping

55
Q

It creates a natural boundary between the terrestrial and gaseous planets, but it could have been a planet.

A

Asteroid Belt

56
Q

An area containing rock/ice bodies beyond the orbit of Pluto.

A

Kuiper Belt

57
Q

A cloud containing “dirty ice” well beyond the orbit of the Kuiper Belt. Comets are from this cloud.

A

Oort Cloud

Science (7 decks)

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