HYDROLYSIS OF DISACCHARIDES AND POLYSACCHARIDES Flashcards
a fundamental chemical process that plays a crucial role in the breakdown of complex carbohydrates, such as disaccharides and polysaccharides, into simpler sugars.
Hydrolysis
are composed of two monosaccharide units linked together, are hydrolyzed into their constituent sugars.
Disaccharides
long chains of monosaccharide units and include starch, glycogen, and cellulose. These complex carbohydrates are hydrolyzed into simpler sugars through a series of
enzymatic reactions.
Polysaccharides
How many sugar molecule does each one have?
● Disaccharides
● Polysaccharides
● Disaccharides - 2 sugar molecule
● Polysaccharides - >10 sugar molecule
sucrose (table sugar), a common disaccharide found in table sugar, is hydrolyzed into ________ and ________.
Similarly, lactose (milk sugar), the sugar found in milk, is broken down into ___________ and __________.
sucrose (table sugar), a common disaccharide found in table sugar, is hydrolyzed into glucose and fructose.
Similarly, lactose (milk sugar), the sugar found in milk, is broken down into glucose and galactose.
Starch, is broken down into _________ and eventually into _________, while cellulose is hydrolyzed into __________, though this process is more challenging due to the structural complexity of cellulose.
maltose, glucose,
glucose units
biological and industrial processes that hydrolysis help with
● Salivary Amylase
● Sucrase
● Lactase
Digestive Enzymes Produced by small intestine and their functions
Maltose
- breaks maltose (a type of sugar) in glucose
Lactose
- Responsible for breaking down lactose, the sugar present in milk, into glucose and galactose
Sucrose
- Breaks sucrose, a common sugar into fructose and glucose
Reagents in Hydrolysis
● 10% NaOH
● HCl solution
● Starch solution
● Benedict’s reagent
● Iodine reagent
