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hydrology > hydrology > Flashcards

hydrology Flashcards

1
Q

The total amount of water available to the earth is finite and conserved. Although the total volume of water in
the global hydrologic cycle remains constant, the distribution of this water is continually changing on
continents, in regions and local catchments.

A

WATER BALANCE

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2
Q

is the average duration for a water
molecule to passthrough a water body. It can be derived
by dividing the volume of water by the flow rate.

A

RESIDENCE TIME

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3
Q

Is an extent of land where water from rain or
snow melt drains downhill into a body of water, such as a river, lake, reservoir, estuary, wetland, sea or ocean.

A

CATCHMENT

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4
Q

a logical unit of focus for studying the movement of water within the hydrological cycle

A

CATCHMENT

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5
Q

One of the most important and fundamental processes of the natural world

A

EVAPORATION

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6
Q

is a process by which water gets converted from a liquid form to vapor form

A

EVAPORATION

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7
Q

it is a combination of two seperate processes, evaporation and transpiration

A

EVAPOTRANSPIRATION

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8
Q

is the process in which plants release the water the water inside it in the form of moisture or water vapor

A

TRANSPIRATION

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9
Q

mean inflow- outflow water
relationship in Groundwater System. It
is the rate of flow of a property per unit
area

A

FLUX

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10
Q

is continuously emitted from all bodies at rates linked with
their surface temperature

A

RADIATION EMISSION

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11
Q

is the partial pressure contributed by water vapour

A

WATER VAPOUR PRESSURE E

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12
Q

When the
pressure is in equilibrium, it is called

A

SATURATED VAPOUR PRESSURE Es

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13
Q

does
not have units and it depends on temperature.

A

RELATIVE HUMIDITY

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14
Q

is used to vaporise liquid water into water vapour

A

LATENT HEAT

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15
Q

refers to heat you can feel, or sense. It is responsible for liquid water
temperature change

A

SENSIBLE HEAT

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16
Q

Is part of atmosphere water and derived from water vapour

A

PRECIPITATION

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17
Q

Basically just water

A

RAIN

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18
Q

Balls of ice

A

HAIL

19
Q

Molten, falling snow
that refreezes,
forming ice pellets

A

SLEET

20
Q

Rain that suddenly freezes
upon contact

A

FREEZING RAIN

21
Q

Snow pellets

A

GRAUPEL

22
Q

Forms when water vapor
condenses directly into
snow crystals

A

SNOW

23
Q

is the driving force for the hydrological cycle

A

SUN

24
Q

aerosols act as freezing
nuclei. Ice crystals grow in
size and fall to ground. They
tend to melt before
hitting the ground surface

A

ICE CRYSTAL PROCESS

25
Q

small cloud droplets increase
their sizes due to
contact with other droplets
through collision

A

COALESCENCE PROCESS

26
Q

is a device that measures the amount or quantity of something and shows the amount
measured

A

GAUGE

27
Q

An instrument that automatically records the
amount of precipitation collected as a function of
time

A

RECORDING GAUGE

28
Q

only display the
amount of rain that has fallen

A

NON RECORDING GAUGE

29
Q

is usually used to check the data quality of a specific rain gauge

A

DOUBLE MASS CURVE

30
Q

Precipitation in a specific area expressed as an
average depth of liquid water over the area

A

AERIAL RAINFALL

31
Q

is the process of water penetrating from the ground surface
into the soil and begins to soak into the soil and rock layers underneath.

A

INFILTRATION

32
Q

s the volume of void space to the total volume, typically
expressed as a percentage

A

POROSITY

33
Q

It is between the land surface and the
water table

A

VADOSE ZONE

34
Q

is an equation that describes the flow of a fluid through a porous medium.

A

DARCY’S LAW

35
Q

is a device used to measure
the rate of water infiltration into soil or other
porous media.

A

INFILTROMETER

36
Q

is a zone within the earth that restricts the flow of groundwater from one aquifer to another

A

AQUITARD

37
Q

it is an aquifer with the water table as its upper boundary

A

UNCONFINED AQUIFER

38
Q

Is an underground layer of water- bearing permeable rock or unconsolidated materials from which groundwater can be usefully extracted using a water well

A

Aquifer

39
Q

is the level at which the groundwater pressure is equal to atmospheric pressure

A

water table

40
Q

it is an aquifer found between two impermeable layers

A

confined aquifer

41
Q

it is a confined aquifer containing groundwater that will flow upward through a well

A

artesian well

42
Q

is an excavation or structure created in the ground by digging

A

water well

43
Q

is the portion of the stream flow that comes from groundwater

A

base flow

hydrology (3 decks)

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