Hydrographs, Flooding, River Management, Coasts intro

Question 1

Name these parts of a flood hydrograph

Answer 1

• peak rainfall
• peak discharge
• rising/falling limb
• lag time
• base flow

Question 2

Give two effects of the Boscastle flooding

Answer 2

• Roads blocked - Helicopter,
• Property destroyed, Emergency accommodation,
• Vehicles carried out to sea,
• Insurance costs increased for homeowners,
• Tourism industry seriously affected.

Question 3

What other example of river flooding did you study?

Answer 3

Somerset Levels in 2014

Question 4

Give four causes of this flooding

Answer 4

• Flat landscape,
• Levels only 8m above sea level,
• Lots of rainfall in the days before therefore ground was saturated,
• no dredging.

Question 5

Name 3 hard engineering river management strategies

Answer 5

• Embankments,
• Channelisation,
• Dams

Question 6

Name 3 soft engineering river management strategies

Answer 6

• Washlands,
• Land-use zoning,
• Afforestation (planting trees)

Question 7

The size and energy of a wave depend upon 3 factors. What are they?

Answer 7

• The fetch (how far the wave has travelled).
• The strength of the wind.
• The length of time the wind has been blowing for.

Question 8

What is it called when water washes up the beach?

Answer 8

swash

Question 9

What is it called when water washes back down the beach?

Answer 9

backwash

Question 10

What is a concordant coastline?

Answer 10

Where the geology is parallel to the coastline. It has one type of rock.

Question 11

What is a concordant coastline?

Answer 11

Where the geology is at 90 degrees to the coastline. It has different types of rock.

Question 12

What is a discordant coastline?

Answer 12

rock that is only loosely compacted and that is not properly glued