Hydrographs, Flooding, River Management, Coasts intro

Question 1

Give four causes of the Boscastle flooding

Answer 1

• Steep valley sides
• Overland flow
• Impermeable surfaces
• High tide

Question 2

Give two effects of the Boscastle flooding

Answer 2

• Emergency accommodation,
• Vehicles carried out to sea
• Insurance costs increased for homeowners,
• The Tourism industry seriously affected.

Question 3

What other examples of river flooding did you study?

Answer 3

Somerset Levels in 2014

Question 4

Give four causes of this flooding

Answer 4

• Flat landscape
• Levels only 8m above sea levels
• Lots of rainfall in the days before therefore ground is saturated
• no dredging.

Question 5

Name 3 hard engineering river management strategies

Answer 5

• Embankments
• Channelisation
• Dams

Question 6

Name 3 soft engineering river management strategies

Answer 6

• Washlands
• Land use zoning
• Afforestation (planting trees)

Question 7

The size and energy of a wave depend upon 3 factors. What are they?

Answer 7

• The fetch (how far the wave has travelled).
• The strength of the wind.
• Period of time the wind has been blowing.

Question 8

What is it called when water washes up the beach?

Answer 8

Swash

Question 9

What is it called when water washes back down the beach?

Answer 9

Backwash

Question 10

What is a concordant coastline?

Answer 10

Where the geology is parallel to the coastline. It has one type of rock.

Question 11

What is a discordant coastline?

Answer 11

Where the geology is at 90 degrees to the coastline. It has different types of rock.

Question 12

What is an unconsolidated rock?

Answer 12

Rock that is only loosely compacted and that is not properly glued